Spasennikov B A, Burt A A, Davydova N V, Cherkasov S N, Bezmelnitsyna L Yu
The Federal Official Institution "The Research Institute" of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
The Federal Official Institution "The Research Institute" of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2018 Mar;26(2):98-102. doi: 10.1016/0869-866X-2018-26-2-98-102.
The article, on the basis of the results of study of 2016, analyzes a comparative medical social effect of conjoint and separate residing of mother and child in the Children's Homes of the Penal Enforcement System. The materials of study consisted of original observations while working in the given system, data of reports of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia concerning medical care of women and children in 2011-2015 and data of address requests to the Children's homes under correctional facility in 2013 and 2015. The experience of functioning of the Children's homes of penitentiary system is summarized. The positive effect of conjoint keeping to indices of coverage with breast feeding is established. The coverage of natural and mixed feeding amounted to 65% in Children's Homes, including 83% in Children's Homes with conjoint residing of mother and child in Children's Homes and in other Children's Homes -- 43% (p<0.05). In 2015, a single refusal of child by condemned mother occurred in Children's Homes, while in 2013 there were 4 of such refusals (p<0.05). In Children homes with extended department of conjoint residence primary morbidity of children made up to 1,679‰ and in comparison, group -- 2014‰ that is reliably higher (p<0.05). According data of primary morbidity occurred decreasing of pool of diseases of respiratory organs from 1,002 to 872 per 1,000 children due to brining into operation of dormitory of conjoint residence of mother and child. This occurrence resulted in decreasing per 12% of number of hospitalizations by emergency indications. The conjoint residence of condemned mother and newborn results in harmonious growth, physical, neuropsychic development of child and also in development of motherhood feelings that is an important factor of re-socialization of the condemned woman. It is proposed to introduce normatively obligatory conjoint residence of mother and child in Children's homes of the Penal Enforcement System.
本文基于2016年的研究结果，分析了母婴在刑罚执行系统儿童福利院中共同居住和分开居住的比较医学社会效应。研究材料包括在该系统工作时的原始观察数据、俄罗斯联邦监狱管理局2011 - 2015年关于妇女和儿童医疗护理的报告数据以及2013年和2015年向教养机构下属儿童福利院提出的地址查询数据。总结了监狱系统儿童福利院的运作经验。确定了母婴共同居住对母乳喂养覆盖率指标的积极影响。儿童福利院中自然喂养和混合喂养的覆盖率达到65%，其中母婴共同居住的儿童福利院为83%，其他儿童福利院为43%（p<0.05）。2015年，在儿童福利院中被判刑母亲对孩子的单次拒绝发生，而2013年有4次此类拒绝（p<0.05）。在设有母婴共同居住扩展部门的儿童福利院中，儿童的原发性发病率为1679‰，相比之下，另一组为2014‰，显著更高（p<0.05）。根据原发性发病率数据，由于启用了母婴共同居住宿舍，每1000名儿童中呼吸器官疾病的病种从1002种减少到872种。这一情况导致因紧急指征住院的人数减少了12%。被判刑母亲与新生儿的共同居住有助于儿童和谐成长、身体和神经心理发育，也有助于母性情感的发展，这是被判刑妇女重新融入社会的一个重要因素。建议在刑罚执行系统的儿童福利院中规范实行母婴共同居住。
