Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France.
Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu, 51005, Estonia.
Ecol Lett. 2018 Nov;21(11):1649-1659. doi: 10.1111/ele.13141. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
Global spread of non-native species profoundly changed the world biodiversity patterns, but how it translates into functional changes remains unanswered at the world scale. We here show that while in two centuries the number of fish species per river increased on average by 15% in 1569 basins worldwide, the diversity of their functional attributes (i.e. functional richness) increased on average by 150%. The inflation of functional richness was paired with changes in the functional structure of assemblages, with shifts of species position toward the border of the functional space of assemblages (i.e. increased functional divergence). Non-native species moreover caused shifts in functional identity toward higher body sized and less elongated species for most of assemblages throughout the world. Although varying between rivers and biogeographic realms, such changes in the different facets of functional diversity might still increase in the future through increasing species invasion and may further modify ecosystem functioning.
非本地物种的全球扩散深刻地改变了世界生物多样性格局，但这种变化如何转化为功能变化，在全球范围内仍未得到解答。我们在这里表明，在两个世纪内，全球 1569 个流域内每条河流的鱼类物种数量平均增加了 15%，而它们的功能属性（即功能丰富度）多样性平均增加了 150%。功能丰富度的膨胀与组合的功能结构变化相匹配，物种位置向组合的功能空间边界转移（即功能趋异增加）。此外，非本地物种导致世界上大多数组合的功能特征向更大体型和更不拉长的物种转移。尽管在不同的河流和生物地理区域之间存在差异，但随着物种入侵的增加，这种功能多样性不同方面的变化可能会在未来进一步增加，并可能进一步改变生态系统功能。
