Exploring the Gas-Permeation Properties of Proton-Conducting Membranes Based on Protic Imidazolium Ionic Liquids: Application in Natural Gas Processing.

This experimental study explores the potential of supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs) based on protic imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) and randomly nanoporous polybenzimidazole (PBI) supports for CH₄/N₂ separation. In particular, three classes of SILMs have been prepared by the infiltration of porous PBI membranes with different protic moieties: 1-H-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide; 1-H-3-vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide followed by in situ ultraviolet (UV) polymerization to poly[1-(3H-imidazolium)ethylene] bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. The polymerization process has been monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the concentration of the protic entities in the SILMs has been evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Single gas permeability values of N₂ and CH₄ at 313 K, 333 K and 363 K were obtained from a series of experiments conducted in a batch gas permeance system. The results obtained were assessed in terms of the preferential cavity formation and favorable solvation of methane in the apolar domains of the protic ionic network. The most attractive behavior exhibited poly[1-(3H-imidazolium)ethylene]bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) cross-linked with 1% divinylbenzene supported membranes, showing stable performance when increasing the upstream pressure. The CH₄/N₂ permselectivity value of 2.1 with CH₄ permeability of 156 Barrer at 363 K suggests that the transport mechanism of the as-prepared SILMs is solubility-dominated.