University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, district 5, Bucharest, Romania.
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, district 5, Bucharest, Romania.
Eur J Med Chem. 2018 Sep 5;157:1326-1345. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.076. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
Oxidative decay and microbial spoilage are issues of concern, as they constitute threats to human health. Natural antioxidants and antimicrobials hamper the negative impact of synthetic compounds and they need appropriate delivery systems. Different nanostructures can be developed: association colloids-based nanostructures, nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, nanolaminates, nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, nanocomposites. The main nanoencapsulation techniques applied to antioxidants and antimicrobials are described: association colloid-based nanoincorporation, lipid-based nanoencapsulation techniques, encapsulation techniques based on biologically-derived polymeric nanocarriers, encapsulation techniques based on non-biological polymeric nanocarriers, cyclodextrin incorporation, electrospraying and electrospinning, carbon nanotubes and nanocomposite encapsulation. Several nanoencapsulation methods can be followed by freeze-drying or spray-drying. Protection of bioactive compounds and controlled release are achieved, but the impact of the nanomaterials on human health and on the environment should be considered. The influence of the nanoencapsulation techniques on the antioxidant/antimicrobial activity is discussed. The choice of the appropriate encapsulation method is vital. Bioactivity increase, preservation or decrease, depend on the interactions established between the functional groups of encapsulated compound and the encapsulating nanomaterial.
氧化降解和微生物腐败是令人关注的问题，因为它们对人类健康构成威胁。天然抗氧化剂和抗菌剂可以抑制合成化合物的负面影响，并且需要适当的输送系统。可以开发不同的纳米结构：基于缔合胶体的纳米结构、纳米乳剂、纳米脂质体、纳米层、纳米纤维、碳纳米管、纳米复合材料。描述了应用于抗氧化剂和抗菌剂的主要纳米封装技术：基于缔合胶体的纳米复合、基于脂质的纳米封装技术、基于生物衍生聚合物纳米载体的封装技术、基于非生物聚合物纳米载体的封装技术、环糊精包合、静电喷雾和静电纺丝、碳纳米管和纳米复合材料封装。几种纳米封装方法可以通过冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥来进行。可以实现生物活性化合物的保护和控制释放，但应考虑纳米材料对人类健康和环境的影响。讨论了纳米封装技术对抗氧化/抗菌活性的影响。选择适当的封装方法至关重要。生物活性的增加、保留或减少取决于被包封化合物的功能基团与包封纳米材料之间建立的相互作用。
