Santos Daisy Woellner, Madeira de Carvalho Luis Manuel, Molento Marcelo Beltrão
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, University of Parana, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, CEP: 80.035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Vet Parasitol. 2018 Aug 30;260:49-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Aug 22.
Cyathostomins comprise around 50 parasite species of equids, offering a great challenge regarding their individual identification. The objective of our work was to improve identification of infective third stage larvae (L3) with a morphological key supplemented with detailed scientific illustrations based on our research and available literature. The highlighted features were; the number, arrangement, and shape of intestinal cells (IC), general features and the total body length of the eight different Cyathostomin sensu latum types (Type A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H), Gyalocephalus capitatus, and Posteriostomum spp. Due to variability, we were unable to define final body length measurements to differentiate L3 of cyathostomins. However, IC characteristics displayed a higher difference between L3 types than total body length. Through the number and arrangement of IC, 14 species were classified within three larval types. The classification of L3 into distinct larval types sensu latum gives us the advantage of reducing the number of probable species presented in equine faecal samples using a low-cost technique when monitoring the parasite fauna present in individual horses or on the farm level. The present improved identification key shall increase the diagnostic capabilities of classical equine parasitology techniques, using general L3 morphology thereby pragmatically improving regional and transnational epidemiological and biodiversity studies. The present key may also assist in defining the cyathostomin community in cyathostominosis clinical cases and within drug resistant populations across different management systems and geographical locations.
杯环线虫包含约50种马属动物寄生虫，这给它们的个体识别带来了巨大挑战。我们工作的目的是通过一个形态学检索表来改进对感染性第三期幼虫（L3）的识别，该检索表辅以基于我们的研究和现有文献的详细科学插图。突出的特征有：肠道细胞（IC）的数量、排列和形状，八种不同广义杯环线虫类型（A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H型）、头杯属线虫和后口属线虫的一般特征及总体长度。由于存在变异性，我们无法确定最终的体长测量值来区分杯环线虫的L3。然而，IC特征在L3类型之间的差异比总体长度更大。通过IC的数量和排列，14个物种被归类为三种幼虫类型。将L3分类为不同的广义幼虫类型，使我们在监测个体马匹或农场层面的寄生虫区系时，能够利用低成本技术减少马粪便样本中可能出现的物种数量。目前改进后的识别检索表将提高传统马寄生虫学技术的诊断能力，利用L3的一般形态，从而切实改善区域和跨国的流行病学及生物多样性研究。本检索表还可协助确定杯环线虫病临床病例以及不同管理系统和地理位置的耐药群体中的杯环线虫群落。
