鉴定和分析硬质小麦（Triticum turgidum）过敏非特异性脂质转移蛋白的分子特征。
Identification and molecular characterization of allergenic non-specific lipid-transfer protein from durum wheat (Triticum turgidum).
机构信息
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia.
Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany.
出版信息
Clin Exp Allergy. 2019 Jan;49(1):120-129. doi: 10.1111/cea.13271. Epub 2018 Oct 7.
BACKGROUND
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (T. turgidum) are both involved in Baker's asthma (BA) and food allergy (FA) including wheat-dependent exercise-induced asthma (WDEIA). However, allergens in durum wheat have not been described, and the over-expression of T. turgidum non-specific lipid-transfer protein (nsLTPs) is considered to increase resistance to phytopathogens.
OBJECTIVE
To identify and assess the allergenicity of nsLTP from T. turgidum.
METHODS
Recombinant T. turgidum nsLTP Tri tu 14 was generated and tested for structural integrity (circular dichroism-spectroscopy) and purity (SDS-PAGE). Thirty-two wheat allergic patients were enrolled: 20 Spanish patients (BA) with positive bronchial challenge to wheat flour, and 12 Italian patients (wheat FA/WDEIA) with positive double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge/open food challenge (OFC) to pasta. IgE values to wheat, Tri tu 14, Tri a 14 (T. aestivum) and Pru p 3 (P. persica) were determined by ImmunoCAP testing. Allergenic potency (in vitro mediator release) and IgE cross-reactivity were investigated.
RESULTS
Tri tu 14 was found to share 49% and 52% amino acid identity with Tri a 14 and Pru p 3, respectively. Among 25 Tri a 14 CAP positive sera, 23 (92%) were reactive to wheat extract, 22 (88%) to Tri tu 14 and 20 (80%) to Pru p 3. The correlation between Tri a 14 and Tri tu 14 specific IgE levels was r = 0.97 (BA) and r = 0.93 (FA/WDEIA), respectively. FA/WDEIA patients showed higher specific IgE values to Tri tu 14 and Pru p 3 than BA patients. Tri tu 14 displayed allergenic activity by mediator release from effector cells and IgE cross-reactivity with Pru p 3. The degree of IgE cross-reactivity between the two wheat nsLTPs varied between individual patients.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Sensitization to Tri tu 14 likely appears to be more important in wheat FA/WDEIA than in BA. Over-expression of Tri tu 14 in wheat would represent a risk for patients with nsLTP-mediated FA.
背景
普通小麦（Triticum aestivum）和硬粒小麦（T. turgidum）均与贝克氏哮喘（BA）和食物过敏（FA）有关，包括小麦依赖运动诱导的哮喘（WDEIA）。然而，硬粒小麦中的过敏原尚未被描述，并且认为硬粒小麦非特异性脂质转移蛋白（nsLTP）的过度表达会增加对植物病原体的抗性。
目的
鉴定和评估来自 T. turgidum 的 nsLTP 的变应原性。
方法
生成重组 T. turgidum nsLTP Tri tu 14，并对其结构完整性（圆二色光谱法）和纯度（SDS-PAGE）进行测试。共纳入 32 名小麦过敏患者：20 名西班牙 BA 患者（对小麦粉支气管激发呈阳性）和 12 名意大利 FA/WDEIA 患者（对意大利面进行双盲安慰剂对照食物挑战/开放食物挑战（OFC）呈阳性）。通过 ImmunoCAP 测试测定小麦、Tri tu 14、Tri a 14（T. aestivum）和 Pru p 3（P. persica）的 IgE 值。研究了过敏原效力（体外介质释放）和 IgE 交叉反应性。
结果
Tri tu 14 与 Tri a 14 和 Pru p 3 的氨基酸序列分别具有 49%和 52%的同源性。在 25 种 Tri a 14 CAP 阳性血清中，有 23 种（92%）对小麦提取物、22 种（88%）对 Tri tu 14 和 20 种（80%）对 Pru p 3 有反应。Tri a 14 和 Tri tu 14 特异性 IgE 水平之间的相关性分别为 r=0.97（BA）和 r=0.93（FA/WDEIA）。FA/WDEIA 患者对 Tri tu 14 和 Pru p 3 的特异性 IgE 值高于 BA 患者。Tri tu 14 通过效应细胞的介质释放和与 Pru p 3 的 IgE 交叉反应显示出变应原活性。两种小麦 nsLTP 之间的 IgE 交叉反应性程度在个体患者之间有所不同。
结论和临床相关性
与 BA 相比，Tri tu 14 致敏在小麦 FA/WDEIA 中似乎更为重要。在小麦中过度表达 Tri tu 14 会对 nsLTP 介导的 FA 患者构成风险。
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