Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, Maryland, USA; email:
Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2018 Sep 8;72:273-292. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090817-062427.
Malaria vaccine development has rapidly advanced in the past decade. The very first phase 3 clinical trial of the RTS,S vaccine was completed with over 15,000 African infants and children, and pilot implementation studies are underway. Next-generation candidate vaccines using novel antigens, platforms, or approaches targeting different and/or multiple stages of the Plasmodium life cycle are being tested. Many candidates, in various stages of development, promise enhanced efficacy of long duration and broad protection against genetically diverse malaria strains, with a few studies under way in target populations in endemic areas. Malaria vaccines together with other interventions promise interruption and eventual elimination of malaria in endemic areas.
疟疾疫苗的研发在过去十年中迅速取得进展。首个 RTS,S 疫苗的 3 期临床试验已在超过 15000 名非洲婴幼儿中完成，并且正在进行试点实施研究。正在测试使用新型抗原、平台或针对疟原虫生命周期不同和/或多个阶段的新方法的下一代候选疫苗。许多候选疫苗处于不同的开发阶段，有望在较长时间内提高疗效，并对遗传多样的疟疾菌株提供广泛保护，在流行地区的目标人群中正在进行一些研究。疟疾疫苗与其他干预措施一起有望在流行地区中断并最终消除疟疾。
