Reduced cortical serotonin 5-HT receptor binding and glutamate activity in high compulsive drinker rats.

Serotonin receptors and glutamate signaling have been implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of compulsive spectrum disorders. Schedule-Induced Polydipsia (SIP), characterized by excessive drinking under intermittent food reinforcement schedules, is a valid model for studying the compulsive phenotype in rats. We explored the expression, function, and neurochemistry of 5-HT receptors in the frontal cortex (FC) of rats with individual differences to compulsivity. Rats were selected for high (HD) versus low (LD) drinking on SIP. First, we measured 5-HT, 5-HT, and mGlu receptors and serotonin transporter binding in different brain regions. Second, we assessed the effect of microinfusion into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of the 5-HT receptor agonist DOI, the mGlu agonist LY379268, and the combination of DOI with the 5-HT receptor antagonist M100907 and the 5-HT receptor antagonist SB242084. Finally, we measured the serotonin and glutamate efflux in mPFC in basal condition and after DOI local application. The compulsive HD rats showed a specific reduction of 5-HT receptor binding in FC compared to LD rats. The highest dose of DOI reduced compulsive drinking in HD rats on SIP, whereas LY379268 did not induce any significant effect. The 5-HT receptor antagonist M100907 reversed the DOI induced reduction on compulsive drinking in HD rats while blocking the 5-HT receptor did not affect SIP. Compulsive HD rats showed increased serotonin and decreased glutamate efflux in basal conditions that were modified by the DOI application. These findings indicate that reduced 5-HT receptor binding and glutamate neurochemical mechanisms may underlie compulsive behavior vulnerability.