Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Blanquerna. C/ Císter, 34, Barcelona 08022, Spain.
Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Programme, Institut Català d'Oncologia-ICO, Av. Granvia de L'Hospitalet 199-203, Barcelona 08908, Spain.
Addict Behav. 2019 Jan;88:163-168. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.08.003. Epub 2018 Aug 6.
Previous research suggests that smoking cessation interventions are poorly implemented. This study reports the development and testing of a questionnaire including knowledge, attitude, behavioral, and organizational (KABO) factors affecting the implementation of smoking cessation practices in hospitals by health care providers and organizations.
An initial pool of 44 items was developed to assess the individual knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of health professionals towards smoking cessation practices according to the 5 A's intervention model, as well as organizational barriers and opportunities for its implementation. Items were measured in a scale from 0="Not at all/Never" to 10 = "Completely/Always". Data were collected from health workers (n = 702) in Catalonia. The validity of the instrument was measured by: (a) analyzing the items, (b) assessing the internal structure, (c) estimating the internal consistency, and (d) analyzing the relationship between this tool and the 5 A's intervention model.
Seven domains were extracted: individual skills, positive organizational support, attitudes and beliefs, individual commitment, organizational resources, beliefs about patient desire/readiness to quit, and organizational endorsement. These domains explained 69.7% of the variance, and allowed for the development of a refined 26-item version of the questionnaire. Both the seven domains and the total scale showed adequate internal consistency.
Psychometric testing indicates that the KABO questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the main barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation intervention implementation. Individual factors better explained the implementation of smoking cessation interventions in hospitals, and the seven identified domains can be used for further investigations into how the implementation of evidence-based practices impacts smoking cessation performance.
先前的研究表明，戒烟干预措施的实施效果不佳。本研究报告了一种问卷的开发和测试，该问卷包括影响医疗保健提供者和组织实施戒烟实践的知识、态度、行为和组织（KABO）因素。
根据 5A 干预模型，开发了一个包含 44 个项目的初始池，以评估卫生专业人员对戒烟实践的个人知识、态度和信念，以及组织实施的障碍和机会。项目的测量范围为 0=“完全不/从不”到 10=“完全/总是”。数据来自加泰罗尼亚的卫生工作者（n=702）。该工具的有效性通过以下方法进行衡量：（a）分析项目，（b）评估内部结构，（c）估计内部一致性，以及（d）分析该工具与 5A 干预模型之间的关系。
提取出 7 个领域：个人技能、积极的组织支持、态度和信念、个人承诺、组织资源、患者戒烟意愿/准备的信念，以及组织认可。这些领域解释了 69.7%的方差，允许开发一个经过改进的 26 项问卷版本。七个领域和总量表都显示出足够的内部一致性。
心理测量测试表明，KABO 问卷是一种可靠和有效的工具，可用于评估戒烟干预实施的主要障碍和促进因素。个人因素更好地解释了医院戒烟干预的实施，而确定的七个领域可以用于进一步研究实施基于证据的实践如何影响戒烟效果。
