Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 11;8(1):13643. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31904-6.
We examined cardiovascular function in 637 volunteers (19-72 years) without antihypertensive medication in never smokers (n = 365), present smokers (n = 81) and previous smokers (n = 191, median abstinence 10 years). Haemodynamics during passive head-up tilt were recorded using whole-body impedance cardiography and radial pulse wave analysis. Results were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, LDL cholesterol and alcohol use. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse wave velocity were not different between the groups. Supine aortic reflection times did not differ, while upright values were shorter in present versus previous smokers (p = 0.04). Heart rate adjusted augmentation index was increased in the supine position in present smokers versus controls (p = 0.045), and in present (p < 0.001) and previous (p = 0.031) smokers versus controls in the upright position. Supine and upright cardiac output was higher (p ≤ 0.016) and systemic vascular resistance lower (p ≤ 0.001) in present versus previous smokers. In spite of the long abstinence, in the upright position previous smokers had lower cardiac output (p = 0.032) and higher systemic vascular resistance (p = 0.014) than never smokers. In the absence of differences in blood pressure and arterial stiffness, present smokers presented with hyperdynamic circulation and enhanced wave reflection compared with previous smokers.
我们在 637 名未服用抗高血压药物的志愿者（19-72 岁）中检查了心血管功能，其中包括从不吸烟者（n=365）、现吸烟者（n=81）和前吸烟者（n=191，中位戒烟时间为 10 年）。使用全身阻抗心动图和桡动脉脉搏波分析记录被动仰卧位倾斜时的血液动力学。结果根据年龄、性别、体重指数、LDL 胆固醇和饮酒量进行了调整。收缩压、舒张压、心率和脉搏波速度在各组之间无差异。仰卧位时主动脉反射时间无差异，而现吸烟者直立时的反射时间较短（p=0.04）。与对照组相比，现吸烟者仰卧位时心率校正的增强指数增加（p=0.045），现吸烟者和前吸烟者直立时的增强指数也增加（p<0.001 和 p=0.031）。与前吸烟者相比，现吸烟者仰卧位和直立位的心输出量更高（p≤0.016），全身血管阻力更低（p≤0.001）。尽管戒烟时间长，直立位时前吸烟者的心输出量（p=0.032）和全身血管阻力（p=0.014）均低于从不吸烟者。在血压和动脉僵硬度无差异的情况下，与前吸烟者相比，现吸烟者表现出高动力循环和增强的波反射。
