Kessler Almuth F, Frömbling Greta E, Gross Franziska, Hahn Mirja, Dzokou Wilfrid, Ernestus Ralf-Ingo, Löhr Mario, Hagemann Carsten
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, Tumorbiology Laboratory, Würzburg, Germany.
Cell Death Discov. 2018 Jul 16;4:12. doi: 10.1038/s41420-018-0079-9. eCollection 2018.
Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are approved for glioblastoma (GBM) therapy. TTFields disrupt cell division by inhibiting spindle fiber formation. Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) inhibition combined with antimitotic drugs synergistically decreases glioma cell growth in cell culture and mice. We hypothesized that SAC inhibition will increase TTFields efficacy. Human GBM cells (U-87 MG, GaMG) were treated with TTFields (200 kHz, 1.7 V/cm) and/or the SAC inhibitor MPS1-IN-3 (IN-3, 4 µM). Cells were counted after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment and at 24 and 72 h after end of treatment (EOT). Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, Annexin-V staining and TUNEL assay were used to detect alterations in cell cycle and apoptosis after 72 h of treatment. The TTFields/IN-3 combination decreased cell proliferation after 72 h compared to either treatment alone (-78.6% vs. TTFields, = 0.0337; -52.6% vs. IN-3, = 0.0205), and reduced the number of viable cells (62% less than seeded). There was a significant cell cycle shift from G1 to G2/M phase ( < 0.0001). The apoptotic rate increased to 44% (TTFields 14%, = 0.0002; IN-3 4%, < 0.0001). Cell growth recovered 24 h after EOT with TTFields and IN-3 alone, but the combination led to further decrease by 92% at 72 h EOT if IN-3 treatment was continued ( = 0.0288). The combination of TTFields and SAC inhibition led to earlier and prolonged effects that significantly augmented the efficacy of TTFields and highlights a potential new targeted multimodal treatment for GBM.
肿瘤治疗电场(TTFields)已被批准用于胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)的治疗。TTFields通过抑制纺锤体纤维形成来干扰细胞分裂。纺锤体组装检查点(SAC)抑制与抗有丝分裂药物联合使用可在细胞培养和小鼠中协同降低胶质瘤细胞的生长。我们假设SAC抑制将提高TTFields的疗效。用人胶质母细胞瘤细胞(U - 87 MG、GaMG)接受TTFields(200 kHz,1.7 V/cm)和/或SAC抑制剂MPS1 - IN - 3(IN - 3,4 μM)处理。在处理24、48和72小时后以及处理结束(EOT)后24和72小时对细胞进行计数。使用流式细胞术、免疫荧光显微镜、膜联蛋白V染色和TUNEL检测来检测处理72小时后细胞周期和细胞凋亡的变化。与单独的任何一种处理相比,TTFields/IN - 3组合在72小时后降低了细胞增殖(与TTFields相比降低了78.6%,P = 0.0337;与IN - 3相比降低了52.6%,P = 0.0205),并减少了活细胞数量(比接种时少62%)。细胞周期从G1期显著转变为G2/M期(P < 0.0001)。凋亡率增加到44%(TTFields为14%,P = 0.0002;IN - 3为4%,P < 0.0001)。单独使用TTFields和IN - 3时,处理结束后24小时细胞生长恢复,但如果继续IN - 3处理,在处理结束72小时时,组合导致细胞进一步减少92%(P = 0.0288)。TTFields与SAC抑制的组合导致更早且更持久的效果,显著增强了TTFields的疗效,并突出了一种针对GBM的潜在新的靶向多模式治疗方法。
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