Sutton Paul, Gates Bob
Learning disabilities, College of Nursing and Midwifery, University of West London, London, England.
College of Nursing and Midwifery, University of West London, London, England.
Nurse Res. 2019 Sep 21;26(2):19-26. doi: 10.7748/nr.2018.e1520. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
Mental ill-health is more prevalent among adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) than in the wider population. An interest in the mental health needs of people with ID has developed in recent decades, which corresponds with implementation of the health and social policy of deinstitutionalisation. Much clinical and research activity has focused on how such mental health needs may be addressed. The literature indicates that the views of people with ID concerning their mental health care have received limited attention.
To describe the adaption of a psychosocial research approach ( Hollway and Jefferson 2000 , 2013 ), and discuss the methodological challenges encountered in enabling adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) to express their views and be actively involved in producing knowledge about their experiences of care and support as service users with diagnosed mental health needs.
A considerable advantage of the interview format of this psychosocial approach was the opportunities it afforded participants to recount their personal stories. This is contrary to the question-and-answer technique of interviewing, which can suppress the stories of interviewees. In such structured approaches, the interviewer establishes the boundaries and usually maintains control over the production of data.
Undertaking two research interviews with participants, analysis of the entire material regarding individual participants, and undertaking comparative analysis of data relating to all participants provided a system for checking consistency. This approach therefore provides a valid method for enabling the participation of people with ID.
The approach used is congruent with the requirement for the subjectivities of researchers - and those being researched - to be acknowledged, which is central to disability research. It is also compatible with person-centred planning and coproduction, which are central to contemporary ID nursing practice.
与普通人群相比，智力残疾（ID）成年人中精神健康问题更为普遍。近几十年来，人们对ID人群的心理健康需求产生了兴趣，这与去机构化的健康和社会政策的实施相一致。许多临床和研究活动都集中在如何满足这些心理健康需求上。文献表明，ID人群对其精神卫生保健的看法受到的关注有限。
描述一种社会心理研究方法（霍尔韦和杰斐逊，2000年、2013年）的改编情况，并讨论在使智力残疾（ID）成年人能够表达自己的观点并积极参与生成有关其作为有诊断心理健康需求的服务使用者的护理和支持经历的知识过程中遇到的方法学挑战。
这种社会心理方法的访谈形式的一个显著优点是它为参与者提供了讲述个人故事的机会。这与问答式访谈技术相反，后者可能会压制受访者的故事。在这种结构化方法中，访谈者设定界限并通常对数据的生成保持控制。
对参与者进行两次研究访谈，对关于单个参与者的全部材料进行分析，并对与所有参与者相关的数据进行比较分析，提供了一个检查一致性的系统。因此，这种方法为使ID人群参与提供了一种有效的方法。
所采用的方法符合承认研究者以及被研究者主观性的要求，这是残疾研究的核心。它也与以个人为中心的规划和共同生产相一致，这是当代ID护理实践的核心。
