Department of Preventive Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.
School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
PLoS One. 2018 Sep 13;13(9):e0203110. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203110. eCollection 2018.
Existing epidemiologic reports or studies of cancer statistics in Korea lack sufficient data on cancer severity distributions and observed survival rates. This study analyzed trends in major cancer statistics according to sex and severity levels in Korea from 2006 to 2013. We included eight cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma, and thyroid, colorectal, gastric, lung, prostate, breast, and cervical cancer), using Korea Central Cancer Registry data. Severity level was classified by Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) stage as follows: localized, regional, distant, or unknown. Numbers of incident cancer cases from 2006 to 2013 were described by sex and SEER stage. We estimated up to 8-year observed survival rates of major cancers by sex and SEER stage, and provided prevalence rates by sex and SEER stage in 2011, 2012, and 2013. Although increases in new cancer cases are slowing and the total number of incident cancer cases in 2013 decreased for the first time since 2006, the number of prevalent cancer cases was 663,530 in 2013, an increase of 13.3% compared to 2011. Among the five cancers affecting both sexes, sex-related differences in 5-year observed survival rates for lung cancer were greatest in the localized stage (men, 31.9%; women, 48.1%), regional stage (men, 20.0%; women, 31.3%), and unknown stage (men, 24.3%; women, 37.5%). The sum of the proportions of localized and regional stages for thyroid and breast cancer was over 90% in 2013, while the sum of the proportions of localized and regional stages for lung cancer was only 56.7% in 2013. Differences in observed survival rates between men and women were prominent in lung cancer for all SEER stages. The reported epidemiologic data from this study can be used to obtain a more valid measure of cancer burden using a summary measure of population health.
现有关于韩国癌症统计的流行病学报告或研究缺乏关于癌症严重程度分布和观察生存率的充分数据。本研究分析了 2006 年至 2013 年期间韩国按性别和严重程度分级的主要癌症统计趋势。我们使用韩国中央癌症登记处的数据，纳入了八种癌症（肝细胞癌、甲状腺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌和宫颈癌）。严重程度水平通过监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）阶段进行分类：局限性、区域性、远处转移或未知。2006 年至 2013 年期间，按性别和 SEER 阶段描述了新发病例数。我们按性别和 SEER 阶段估算了主要癌症的 8 年观察生存率，并提供了 2011 年、2012 年和 2013 年的性别和 SEER 阶段患病率。尽管新发病例数的增长正在放缓，2013 年的总发病人数也是自 2006 年以来首次下降，但 2013 年的现患癌症病例数为 663530 例，比 2011 年增加了 13.3%。在影响两性的五种癌症中，肺癌的五年观察生存率在局限性阶段（男性，31.9%；女性，48.1%）、区域性阶段（男性，20.0%；女性，31.3%）和未知阶段（男性，24.3%；女性，37.5%）的性别差异最大。2013 年，甲状腺癌和乳腺癌局部和区域性阶段的比例之和超过 90%，而肺癌的局部和区域性阶段的比例之和仅为 56.7%。在所有 SEER 阶段，肺癌男女观察生存率的差异都很显著。本研究报告的流行病学数据可用于使用人群健康综合指标来更准确地衡量癌症负担。
