Strategic Director, Surveillance Information Services, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA.
Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA.
CA Cancer J Clin. 2017 Jan;67(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21387. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2017, 1,688,780 new cancer cases and 600,920 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. For all sites combined, the cancer incidence rate is 20% higher in men than in women, while the cancer death rate is 40% higher. However, sex disparities vary by cancer type. For example, thyroid cancer incidence rates are 3-fold higher in women than in men (21 vs 7 per 100,000 population), despite equivalent death rates (0.5 per 100,000 population), largely reflecting sex differences in the "epidemic of diagnosis." Over the past decade of available data, the overall cancer incidence rate (2004-2013) was stable in women and declined by approximately 2% annually in men, while the cancer death rate (2005-2014) declined by about 1.5% annually in both men and women. From 1991 to 2014, the overall cancer death rate dropped 25%, translating to approximately 2,143,200 fewer cancer deaths than would have been expected if death rates had remained at their peak. Although the cancer death rate was 15% higher in blacks than in whites in 2014, increasing access to care as a result of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act may expedite the narrowing racial gap; from 2010 to 2015, the proportion of blacks who were uninsured halved, from 21% to 11%, as it did for Hispanics (31% to 16%). Gains in coverage for traditionally underserved Americans will facilitate the broader application of existing cancer control knowledge across every segment of the population. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:7-30. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
每年，美国癌症协会都会预估当年美国新癌症病例和死亡人数，并汇编最新的癌症发病率、死亡率和生存率数据。发病率数据由监测、流行病学和结果项目、国家癌症登记处计划和北美癌症登记处协会收集。死亡率数据由国家卫生统计中心收集。2017 年，预计美国将有 168.878 例新癌症病例和 60.092 例癌症死亡。总体而言，男性癌症发病率比女性高 20%，癌症死亡率高 40%。然而，癌症类型的性别差异有所不同。例如，女性甲状腺癌发病率是男性的 3 倍（每 10 万人中有 21 例，而男性为 7 例），尽管死亡率相同（每 10 万人中有 0.5 例），这主要反映了诊断方面的性别差异。在过去十年的数据中，女性的总体癌症发病率（2004-2013 年）保持稳定，男性每年下降约 2%，而男性和女性的癌症死亡率（2005-2014 年）每年下降约 1.5%。1991 年至 2014 年，总体癌症死亡率下降了 25%，这意味着如果死亡率保持在高峰期，将会减少约 214.32 万例癌症死亡。尽管 2014 年黑人的癌症死亡率比白人高 15%，但由于《患者保护与平价医疗法案》增加了获得医疗的机会，可能会加速缩小种族差距；从 2010 年到 2015 年，黑人无保险的比例减半，从 21%降至 11%，西班牙裔也一样（从 31%降至 16%）。对传统服务不足的美国人的覆盖范围的扩大将促进现有癌症控制知识在人口的每一个群体中的更广泛应用。CA 癌症杂志 2017；67：7-30。© 2017 美国癌症协会。
