Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Small. 2018 Nov;14(46):e1802068. doi: 10.1002/smll.201802068. Epub 2018 Sep 14.
The transformative and versatile role of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) as an enabling technology in the preparation of multiscale mesostructured ceramics, with pore sizes in the meso- (2-50 nm) and macroporosity (above 50 nm) range with controlled porous architecture across the structure is explored. CNMs have revolutionized functional advanced materials concepts and technology by using natural resources to derive superb properties. Its unique chemical and physical properties have inspired its exploitation as a reinforcement agent, stimuli responsive tool, and templating agent mostly for biologic and polymeric materials, as well as for metals and ceramics. CNMs can act as a sacrificial filler templating agent, a surface modifier agent, and as an aid for shaping macrostructures into bulk samples. A deep knowledge of the synergistic interaction mechanisms between CNMs and ceramic particles to assemble them in solution and into solid structures is key to advance this technology, and to develop a predictive understanding of synthesis and processing mechanisms that relates morphology evolution, processing, and final physical properties. The potential ease of processing and versatility of CNMs for functional ceramic technology, intimately linked to the CNMs' nature and properties, will make a significant impact with respect to the current state of the art.
纤维素纳米材料（CNMs）作为一种在介观（2-50nm）和大孔（大于 50nm）范围内的多尺度介孔陶瓷制备中具有变革性和多功能性的技术，其具有可控的多孔结构，探索了其在介观范围内的应用。CNMs 通过利用自然资源来获得卓越的性能，彻底改变了功能先进材料的概念和技术。其独特的化学和物理性质激发了它作为增强剂、刺激响应工具和模板剂的应用，主要用于生物和聚合物材料，以及金属和陶瓷。CNMs 可以作为牺牲性填充剂模板剂、表面改性剂，以及帮助将宏观结构成型为块状样品。深入了解 CNMs 和陶瓷颗粒之间的协同相互作用机制，以将它们在溶液中组装成固体结构，是推进这项技术的关键，也是发展对合成和加工机制的预测性理解的关键，这些机制与形态演变、加工和最终物理性能有关。CNMs 易于加工且多功能，与 CNMs 的性质和性能密切相关，这将对当前的技术水平产生重大影响。
