Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Phytomedicine. 2018 Oct 1;49:106-110. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.06.042. Epub 2018 Jul 19.
Nicotine is an important factor in the pathogenesis of renal injury in smokers.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of Spirulina platensis extract (SP) against chronic nicotine administration in rats.
Nicotine intoxication was induced with 0.5 mg/kg BW. Rats received 500 mg SP/kg BW by gastric gavage over 4 weeks.
Our data revealed that nicotine induced renal dysfunction manifested by significant abnormal levels of kidney function markers (creatinine and urea) accompanied by increased levels of oxidative stress biomarker (malondialdehyde) and inflammatory markers (nitric oxide, Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) while antioxidant status as glutathione level and glutathione S-transferase activity were found to be decreased significantly as compared with controls. It is worthy to note that nicotine toxicity induced significant increments in the protein expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B as well as caspase-3. Histopathological observations showed tubular necrosis and congestion in the endothelial lining glomerular tuft and epithelial lining renal tubules with nicotine intoxication. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that SP supplementation significantly improved the nicotine-induced kidney dysfunction, alleviated the induced-lipid peroxidation, inflammatory, apoptotic protein markers, and boosted the enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants. Moreover, it attenuated the nicotine-induced histopathological alterations of the kidney architecture.
Thus, it is tempting to recommend dietary approaches with Spirulina platensis extract for smokers to minimize the deleterious effect of chronic nicotine consumption and smoke exposure-related problems towards kidney injury via the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties of Spirulina platensis.
尼古丁是吸烟者肾损伤发病机制中的一个重要因素。
本研究旨在探讨螺旋藻提取物（SP）对慢性尼古丁给药大鼠的肾脏保护作用。
采用 0.5mg/kg BW 尼古丁灌胃诱导尼古丁中毒，连续 4 周给予大鼠 500mg/kg BW SP 灌胃。
我们的数据显示，尼古丁引起肾功能障碍，表现为肾功能标志物（肌酐和尿素）水平显著异常，同时氧化应激生物标志物（丙二醛）和炎症标志物（一氧化氮、白细胞介素-6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α）水平升高，而抗氧化状态，如谷胱甘肽水平和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶活性，与对照组相比明显降低。值得注意的是，尼古丁毒性诱导核因子 kappa B 以及半胱天冬酶-3 的蛋白表达水平显著增加。组织病理学观察显示，尼古丁中毒引起肾小管坏死和内皮细胞肾小球丛和上皮细胞肾小管的充血。有趣的是，我们的数据表明，SP 补充显著改善了尼古丁引起的肾功能障碍，减轻了诱导的脂质过氧化、炎症、凋亡蛋白标志物，并增强了酶/非酶抗氧化剂。此外，它还减轻了尼古丁引起的肾脏结构的组织病理学改变。
因此，建议吸烟者通过食用螺旋藻提取物来减少慢性尼古丁摄入和吸烟暴露相关问题对肾脏损伤的有害影响，这可能是由于螺旋藻提取物的抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡特性。
