Talaga Małgorzata Teresa, Sikorska Iwona Marta, Jawor Mirosława
Instytut Psychologii Stosowanej, Uniwersytet Jagielloński.
Oddział Kliniczny Kliniki Psychiatrii Dorosłych, Dzieci i Młodzieży Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego w Krakowie.
Psychiatr Pol. 2018 Jun 30;52(3):471-486. doi: 10.12740/PP/66124.
The primary goal of the study was to examine the role of ego resilience as a factor contributing to the relationship between early trauma and the incidence of psychopathology in adult life; and to make an attempt at identifying the relationship between resilience and personality traits and the early experience of trauma and the incidence of psychopathology in adult life in persons with affective and anxiety disorders.
The study involved 30 patients of the Day Care Emotional and Mood Disorder Treatment Unit, University Hospital in Krakow, Poland, who were asked to complete the following inventories: the Early Trauma Inventory - Self Report, the NEO-PI-R, the Resilience Scale for Adults, and the Beck Depression Inventory.
The vast majority of the participants (97%) experienced interpersonal trauma in childhood, mostly of physical (96.67%) and emotional (83.33%) type. The personality traits that would most frequently resurface in the participants were: Agreeableness (50%), Neuroticism (43.34%) and low Extraversion levels (36.67%). The highest score for resilience was obtained in Perception of Future (24.8 points) and the lowest in Personal Strength (9.73 points). The average level of the symptoms of depression in the sample was characteristic of mild depression (M = 22.83).
The outcomes fail to confirm the relationship between depressive tendencies and childhood trauma, and depressive tendencies and personality traits. The analysis allows the conclusion that the incidence of mental disorders is not dependent on childhood trauma, but rather on resilience levels. Resilience may be a predictor of a positive personality profile and a protective factor against the incidence of the symptoms of depression.
本研究的主要目标是检验自我复原力作为一个因素在早期创伤与成年期精神病理学发病率之间的关系中所起的作用；并尝试确定复原力与人格特质之间的关系，以及情感和焦虑障碍患者早期创伤经历与成年期精神病理学发病率之间的关系。
该研究纳入了波兰克拉科夫大学医院日间护理情绪和心境障碍治疗单元的30名患者，要求他们完成以下量表：早期创伤量表-自我报告、大五人格量表、成人心智复原力量表和贝克抑郁量表。
绝大多数参与者（97%）在童年时期经历过人际创伤，主要是身体创伤（96.67%）和情感创伤（83.33%）。参与者中最常出现的人格特质是：宜人性（50%）、神经质（43.34%）和低外向性水平（36.67%）。在对未来的感知方面获得的复原力得分最高（24.8分），而在个人力量方面得分最低（9.73分）。样本中抑郁症状的平均水平为轻度抑郁特征（M = 22.83）。
研究结果未能证实抑郁倾向与童年创伤之间的关系，以及抑郁倾向与人格特质之间的关系。分析得出的结论是，精神障碍的发病率不取决于童年创伤，而是取决于复原力水平。复原力可能是积极人格特征的一个预测指标，也是预防抑郁症状发生的一个保护因素。
