Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, United States.
Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, United States.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Oct;65:228-239. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.09.004. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
Co-presenting an item with self-relevant vs. other-relevant information under a non-self-referential encoding context can produce a memory advantage. The present study examined the relative contributions of conscious vs. unconscious processing of self-cues to this incidental self-memory advantage. During encoding, the participant's own or another person's name was presented supraliminally or subliminally prior to the presentation of each target word. Consistent across two experiments, we found better memory for words preceded by the own name vs. another name but only when the names were presented supraliminally. The masked priming effect produced by the own name in Experiment 2 suggests that the absence of a self-memory advantage following subliminal name presentation was unlikely due to subliminal self-processing being too weak. Our findings suggest that conscious awareness of self-cues is necessary for an incidental self-memory advantage. Potential qualitative differences between conscious vs. unconscious self-processing mediating the impact of self on memory are discussed.
在非自我参照的编码环境下，呈现与自我相关或与他人相关的信息会产生记忆优势。本研究考察了自我线索的意识和无意识加工对这种偶然的自我记忆优势的相对贡献。在编码阶段，在呈现每个目标词之前，参与者的名字会被超阈限或阈下呈现。在两个实验中，我们发现，与其他名字相比，以自己的名字为先导的单词的记忆效果更好，但前提是名字是超阈限呈现的。实验 2 中自己名字产生的掩蔽启动效应表明，在阈下呈现名字后没有出现自我记忆优势，不太可能是因为阈下自我加工太弱。我们的研究结果表明，自我线索的意识觉察对于偶然的自我记忆优势是必要的。讨论了意识和无意识自我加工在自我对记忆的影响方面的潜在差异。
