Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
J Econ Entomol. 2019 Mar 21;112(2):505-514. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy224.
The Varroa destructor (Acari Varroidae) mite is a serious threat to honey bee due to hemolymph feeding and virus transmission. Mite salivary proteins are involved in these interactions. However, the salivary secretome has not been previously characterized. In this paper, the saliva of V. destructor was found to be toxic to the worker larvae of Apis cerana (Hymenoptera Apidae) in the absence of deformed wing virus (DWV) and to stimulate the development of deformed wings in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera Apidae) adults in the presence of DWV. The salivary secretome was analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS). A search of the resulting data against peptide databases using the software Mascot yielded 356, 53, and 9 matched proteins from V. destructor, A. mellifera, and DWV, respectively. The saliva contained Varroa mite proteins identified as important for potential virulence to A. cerana larvae, for the inhibition of harmful microorganisms, for the utilization of bee nutrients, and for antioxidant, oxidation-reduction and detoxification functions as well as A. mellifera proteins identified as nutrients important for mite reproduction. The saliva proteins also contained viral proteins from one virus, DWV. These results provide a strong foundation for understanding the interactions among the Varroa mite, honeybee, and DWV.
瓦螨（Varroa destructor）（蜱螨目 Varroidae）是一种严重威胁蜜蜂的寄生虫，它通过吸食血淋巴和传播病毒来危害蜜蜂。螨唾液蛋白参与了这些相互作用。然而，其唾液分泌蛋白组尚未被充分表征。在本文中，发现瓦螨的唾液在不存在变形翅膀病毒（DWV）的情况下对中华蜜蜂（膜翅目 Apidae）工蜂幼虫有毒，并在存在 DWV 的情况下刺激了意大利蜜蜂（膜翅目 Apidae）成虫的畸形翅膀发育。通过纳米液相色谱-串联质谱（nano-LC-MS/MS）分析唾液的分泌蛋白组。使用 Mascot 软件对获得的数据进行肽数据库搜索，分别从瓦螨、意大利蜜蜂和 DWV 中获得了 356、53 和 9 个匹配蛋白。唾液中含有被鉴定为对中华蜜蜂幼虫潜在毒力、抑制有害微生物、利用蜜蜂营养物质以及具有抗氧化、氧化还原和解毒功能的重要的瓦螨蛋白，以及被鉴定为螨虫繁殖重要营养物质的意大利蜜蜂蛋白。唾液蛋白还含有一种病毒，即 DWV 的病毒蛋白。这些结果为理解瓦螨、蜜蜂和 DWV 之间的相互作用提供了坚实的基础。
