Adair Linda S, Kuzawa Christopher, McDade Thomas, Carba Delia B, Borja Judith B
1 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
2 Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Asia Pac J Public Health. 2018 Sep;30(6):561-571. doi: 10.1177/1010539518800366. Epub 2018 Sep 15.
Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes have risen dramatically in Asia, but few cohort studies track age and secular trends in these conditions. We use Cebu (The Philippines) Longitudinal Health and Nutrition survey data to document 1998 to 2015 prevalence and co-occurrence of body mass index (BMI; >25 kg/m), high waist circumference (WC; >80 cm), elevated blood pressure (EBP; systolic ⩾130 or diastolic ⩾85 mm Hg), and type 2 diabetes among ~2000 women aged 29 to 62 years in 1998; and identify their relationship to community, household, and individual factors using longitudinal logistic regression. Prevalence (1998-2015) rates were 35% to 49%, BMI >25 kg/m; 32% to 58% high WC; 21% to 59% EBP; and 2% to 14% diabetes. Only 20% of women had none of these conditions in 2015. Diabetes was strongly driven by age and secular trends in high WC related to higher socioeconomic status and urbanization. Hypertension increased with age in lower socioeconomic status rural and more affluent urban women. Results underscore the continuing need for public health measures to prevent obesity and to identify and treat hypertension and diabetes.
肥胖、高血压和糖尿病在亚洲显著增加，但很少有队列研究追踪这些疾病的年龄和长期趋势。我们利用宿务（菲律宾）纵向健康与营养调查数据，记录了1998年至2015年约2000名1998年年龄在29至62岁的女性中体重指数（BMI；>25 kg/m）、高腰围（WC；>80 cm）、血压升高（EBP；收缩压⩾130或舒张压⩾85 mmHg）和2型糖尿病的患病率及共病情况；并使用纵向逻辑回归确定它们与社区、家庭和个人因素之间的关系。1998年至2015年的患病率分别为：BMI>25 kg/m为35%至49%；高腰围为32%至58%；血压升高为21%至59%；糖尿病为2%至14%。2015年只有20%的女性没有这些疾病。糖尿病主要受年龄以及与较高社会经济地位和城市化相关的高腰围长期趋势的驱动。在社会经济地位较低的农村女性和较富裕的城市女性中，高血压随年龄增长而增加。结果强调了持续采取公共卫生措施预防肥胖以及识别和治疗高血压和糖尿病的必要性。
