Branton S L, Reece F N, Deaton J W
Poult Sci. 1986 Sep;65(9):1659-63. doi: 10.3382/ps.0651659.
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) were added separately to the drinking water of 42- to 52-day-old broilers. Birds were given access to the water ad libitum for a total of 42.5 hr consisting of 18.5 hr prior to an 8-hr interval of severe heat exposure and a further 16 hr-post exposure. Water and feed intake during the treatment period were unaffected by either NH4Cl at 6.25 g/liter (.63%) of distilled water (DW) or NaHCO3 at 3.15 g/liter (.32%) DW. Water intake was increased by approximately 20% in birds given water containing 6.25 g of NaHCO3/liter (.63%) DW, while both feed and water intake were severely limited by NH4Cl at 31 g/liter (3.1%) DW. Blood pH of birds was substantially lowered by consumption of NH4Cl, while consumption of NaHCO3 did not significantly affect blood pH. Blood pH of all treatments increased during the heat exposure period and declined afterward; however, blood pH change appeared to be more pronounced for birds receiving the NH4CL. A correlation coefficient (r = -.31) existed between blood pH and mortality, while a correlation (r = -.72) was demonstrated between water consumption and mortality.
氯化铵（NH₄Cl）和碳酸氢钠（NaHCO₃）被分别添加到42至52日龄肉鸡的饮用水中。鸡可以随意饮用这些水，总共持续42.5小时，包括在8小时严重热暴露间隔之前的18.5小时以及暴露后的另外16小时。在处理期间，每升蒸馏水中含有6.25克（0.63%）的氯化铵或每升蒸馏水中含有3.15克（0.32%）的碳酸氢钠，均未影响水和饲料的摄入量。当给鸡饮用每升含有6.25克碳酸氢钠（0.63%）的水时，饮水量增加了约20%，而当每升蒸馏水中含有31克（3.1%）氯化铵时，饲料和水的摄入量都受到严重限制。鸡摄入氯化铵后，血液pH值大幅降低，而摄入碳酸氢钠对血液pH值没有显著影响。在热暴露期间，所有处理组的血液pH值均升高，之后下降；然而，接受氯化铵处理的鸡的血液pH值变化似乎更为明显。血液pH值与死亡率之间存在相关系数（r = -0.31），而饮水量与死亡率之间存在相关性（r = -0.72）。
