Tourjman Smadar Valérie, Potvin Stéphane, Corbalan Fernando, Djouini Akram, Purdon Scot E, Stip Emmanuel, Juster Robert-Paul, Kouassi Edouard
Department of Psychiatry, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, l'Université de Montréal, 7401 Hochelaga, Montréal, QC, H1N 3M5, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2019 Jun;11(2):139-147. doi: 10.1007/s12402-018-0268-7. Epub 2018 Sep 17.
Cognitive impairments constitute a core feature of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), but are infrequently assessed in the clinical setting. We have previously demonstrated the ability of an objective cognitive battery, the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP), to differentiate adult ADHD patients from healthy controls in five cognitive domains. Here, we further characterize these subtle cognitive deficits by conducting additional univariate analyses on our ADHD dataset to assess the contributions of various demographic characteristics on SCIP performance and to determine correlations between SCIP scores and scores on other measures evaluating illness severity, perceived cognitive deficits, and overall functioning. Age and years of education were moderately associated with performance on the SCIP and/or its subscales in our ADHD cohort. The SCIP global index score was moderately correlated with clinician-rated measures of illness severity and weakly associated with clinician-rated overall functional status. Intriguingly, overall SCIP performance was only weakly associated with patient self-reported measures of cognitive functioning. Of practical importance, small-to-moderate associations were consistently observed between performances on two subscales of the SCIP and the other measures evaluating illness severity, overall functioning, and patient self-reported cognitive functioning (the working memory and visuomotor tracking subscales). Thus, these data demonstrate that the SCIP, particularly the working memory and visuomotor tracking subscales, is sensitive enough to detect cognitive deficits in adult patients with ADHD, and that these deficits are correlated with functional impairments. Furthermore, these data highlight the importance of integrating both objective and subjective evaluations of cognition in adult ADHD.
认知障碍是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的核心特征，但在临床环境中很少进行评估。我们之前已经证明了一种客观认知测试组合，即精神病学认知障碍筛查量表（SCIP），能够在五个认知领域将成年ADHD患者与健康对照区分开来。在此，我们通过对我们的ADHD数据集进行额外的单变量分析，进一步刻画这些细微的认知缺陷，以评估各种人口统计学特征对SCIP表现的影响，并确定SCIP分数与其他评估疾病严重程度、感知认知缺陷和整体功能的量表分数之间的相关性。在我们的ADHD队列中，年龄和受教育年限与SCIP及其子量表的表现存在中度关联。SCIP全球指数得分与临床医生评定的疾病严重程度量表中度相关，与临床医生评定的整体功能状态弱相关。有趣的是，SCIP的整体表现与患者自我报告的认知功能量表仅存在弱关联。具有实际重要性的是，在SCIP的两个子量表的表现与其他评估疾病严重程度、整体功能和患者自我报告的认知功能（工作记忆和视觉运动追踪子量表）之间始终观察到小到中度的关联。因此，这些数据表明，SCIP，特别是工作记忆和视觉运动追踪子量表，足够敏感以检测成年ADHD患者的认知缺陷，并且这些缺陷与功能损害相关。此外，这些数据突出了在成年ADHD中整合认知的客观和主观评估的重要性。
