Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunological Section, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany/Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
MS Forschungs- und Projektentwicklungs-gGmbH, Hannover, Germany.
Mult Scler. 2019 Oct;25(12):1641-1652. doi: 10.1177/1352458518799580. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. Over time, symptoms accumulate leading to increased disability of patients.
The objective of this article is to analyze the prevalence of symptoms and symptomatic treatment patterns in a nationwide MS registry.
Data sets from 35,755 patients were analyzed.
More than two-thirds of patients were women with a mean age of 46.1 (±12.8) years. Median Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) was 3.0. The most frequently reported symptoms were fatigue, spasticity, and voiding disorders. In patients with short disease duration, fatigue was reported most frequently. Symptomatic treatment was most common for spasticity and depression, whereas fatigue was treated only in a third of affected patients. Almost a fifth of patients with EDSS ⩽ 3.5 and neuropsychological symptoms had retired from work.
Whereas treatment for spasticity and depression is common in our cohort, sexual dysfunction, dysphagia, cognitive dysfunction, and fatigue are treated to a far lesser extent. The need for psychological support, physical, and occupational therapy has to be recognized as neuropsychological symptoms have a great impact on retirement at an early stage. Overall symptomatic treatment rates for the most common symptoms have increased over the last years ( < 0.001).
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种神经炎症和神经退行性疾病。随着时间的推移，症状不断积累，导致患者的残疾程度增加。
本文旨在分析全国多发性硬化症登记处的症状发生率和对症治疗模式。
分析了 35755 名患者的数据组。
超过三分之二的患者为女性，平均年龄为 46.1（±12.8）岁。扩展残疾状态评分（EDSS）中位数为 3.0。报告最多的症状是疲劳、痉挛和排尿障碍。在疾病持续时间较短的患者中，疲劳的报告最为频繁。痉挛和抑郁的对症治疗最为常见，而疲劳仅在三分之一的受影响患者中得到治疗。近五分之一 EDSS ⩽ 3.5 且有神经心理症状的患者已退休。
尽管我们的队列中常见痉挛和抑郁的治疗，但性功能障碍、吞咽困难、认知功能障碍和疲劳的治疗程度要低得多。需要认识到心理支持、身体和职业治疗的必要性，因为神经心理症状会在早期对退休产生重大影响。过去几年，最常见症状的总体对症治疗率有所增加（<0.001）。
