Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
Department of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Zhejiang, 315100, China.
BMC Genomics. 2018 Sep 19;19(1):688. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-5078-y.
Sogatella furcifera is a migratory pest that damages rice plants and causes severe economic losses. Due to its ability to annually migrate long distances, S. furcifera has emerged as a major pest of rice in several Asian countries. Symbiotic relationships of inherited bacteria with terrestrial arthropods have significant implications. The genus Cardinium is present in many types of arthropods, where it influences some host characteristics. We present a report of a newly identified strain of the bacterial endosymbiont Cardinium cSfur in S. furcifera.
From the whole genome of S. furcifera previously sequenced by our laboratory, we assembled the whole genome sequence of Cardinium cSfur. The sequence comprised 1,103,593 bp with a GC content of 39.2%. The phylogenetic tree of the Bacteroides phylum to which Cardinium cSfur belongs suggests that Cardinium cSfur is closely related to the other strains (Cardinium cBtQ1 and cEper1) that are members of the Amoebophilaceae family. Genome comparison between the host-dependent endosymbiont including Cardinium cSfur and free-living bacteria revealed that the endosymbiont has a smaller genome size and lower GC content, and has lost some genes related to metabolism because of its special environment, which is similar to the genome pattern observed in other insect symbionts. Cardinium cSfur has limited metabolic capability, which makes it less contributive to metabolic and biosynthetic processes in its host. From our findings, we inferred that, to compensate for its limited metabolic capability, Cardinium cSfur harbors a relatively high proportion of transport proteins, which might act as the hub between it and its host. With its acquisition of the whole operon related to biotin synthesis and glycolysis related genes through HGT event, Cardinium cSfur seems to be undergoing changes while establishing a symbiotic relationship with its host.
A novel bacterial endosymbiont strain (Cardinium cSfur) has been discovered. A genomic analysis of the endosymbiont in S. furcifera suggests that its genome has undergone certain changes to facilitate its settlement in the host. The envisaged potential reproduction manipulative ability of the new endosymbiont strain in its S. furcifera host has vital implications in designing eco-friendly approaches to combat the insect pest.
褐飞虱是一种迁徙性害虫，会破坏水稻植株并造成严重的经济损失。由于其每年能够远距离迁徙的能力，褐飞虱已成为亚洲几个国家水稻的主要害虫。与陆地节肢动物共生的细菌关系具有重要意义。居蝇科存在于许多类型的节肢动物中，在这些节肢动物中，它会影响一些宿主特征。我们报告了在褐飞虱中发现的一种新的细菌内共生体 Cardinium cSfur 菌株。
从我们实验室之前测序的褐飞虱全基因组中，我们组装了 Cardinium cSfur 的全基因组序列。该序列包含 1,103,593 bp，GC 含量为 39.2%。Cardinium cSfur 所在的拟杆菌门的系统发育树表明，Cardinium cSfur 与其他菌株（Cardinium cBtQ1 和 cEper1）密切相关，这些菌株属于 Amoebophilaceae 科。宿主依赖性内共生体包括 Cardinium cSfur 与自由生活细菌之间的基因组比较表明，由于其特殊的环境，内共生体的基因组较小，GC 含量较低，并且失去了一些与代谢相关的基因，这与其他昆虫共生体观察到的基因组模式相似。Cardinium cSfur 的代谢能力有限，这使得它对宿主的代谢和生物合成过程贡献不大。根据我们的发现，我们推断，为了弥补其有限的代谢能力，Cardinium cSfur 拥有相对较高比例的转运蛋白，这些转运蛋白可能充当它与其宿主之间的枢纽。通过 HGT 事件获得与生物素合成和糖酵解相关基因相关的整个操纵子后，Cardinium cSfur 似乎在与宿主建立共生关系的同时发生了变化。
发现了一种新型细菌内共生体菌株（Cardinium cSfur）。对褐飞虱内共生体的基因组分析表明，其基因组发生了某些变化，以促进其在宿主中的定植。新内共生体菌株在其褐飞虱宿主中潜在的繁殖操纵能力对于设计环保方法来防治这种昆虫害虫具有重要意义。
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