Thompson Craig P, Obolski Uri
a Department of Zoology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(12):3005-3009. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1504596. Epub 2018 Sep 21.
The antigenic evolution of influenza is widely assumed to occur by antigenic drift, in which strains incrementally acquire mutations in highly variable epitopes under strong immune selective pressure, such as those in the major influenza antigen haemagglutinin. However, this is not easy to reconcile with epidemiological observations, which show that each influenza season is dominated by a limited number of strains. Here, we discuss this paradox in light of recent influenza epidemics that have been characterised by low vaccine effectiveness and dominated by strains of limited antigenic and genetic diversity.
人们普遍认为，流感的抗原进化是通过抗原漂移发生的，即毒株在强大的免疫选择压力下，在高度可变的表位中逐渐获得突变，比如在主要流感抗原血凝素中的表位。然而，这很难与流行病学观察结果相协调，流行病学观察表明，每个流感季节都由数量有限的毒株主导。在此，我们根据近期流感疫情来探讨这一矛盾，这些疫情的特点是疫苗效力低下，且由抗原性和基因多样性有限的毒株主导。
