Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 20;19(10):2849. doi: 10.3390/ijms19102849.
Redox active selenium (Se) compounds have gained substantial attention in the last decade as potential cancer therapeutic agents. Several Se compounds have shown high selectivity and sensitivity against malignant cells. The cytotoxic effects are exerted by their biologically active metabolites, with methylselenol (CH₃SeH) being one of the key executors. In search of novel CH₃SeH precursors, we previously synthesized a series of methylselenoesters that were active (GI < 10 µM at 72 h) against a panel of cancer cell lines. Herein, we refined the mechanism of action of the two lead compounds with the additional synthesis of new analogs (ethyl, pentyl, and benzyl derivatives). A novel mechanism for the programmed cell death mechanism for Se-compounds was identified. Both methylseleninic acid and the novel CH₃SeH precursors induced entosis by cell detachment through downregulation of cell division control protein 42 homolog (CDC42) and its downstream effector β1-integrin (CD29). To our knowledge, this is the first time that Se compounds have been reported to induce this type of cell death and is of importance in the characterization of the anticancerogenic properties of these compounds.
在过去的十年中,氧化还原活性硒(Se)化合物作为潜在的癌症治疗剂引起了广泛关注。一些 Se 化合物对恶性细胞表现出高选择性和敏感性。细胞毒性作用是通过其生物活性代谢物发挥的,其中甲基硒醇(CH₃SeH)是关键执行者之一。在寻找新型 CH₃SeH 前体的过程中,我们之前合成了一系列甲基硒酸酯,这些酯对一系列癌细胞系具有活性(72 小时时 GI < 10 µM)。在此,我们通过进一步合成新的类似物(乙基、戊基和苄基衍生物),对两种先导化合物的作用机制进行了细化。确定了 Se 化合物程序性细胞死亡机制的新机制。甲基亚硒酸和新型 CH₃SeH 前体通过下调细胞分裂控制蛋白 42 同源物(CDC42)及其下游效应物β1-整联蛋白(CD29)诱导细胞脱落从而诱导细胞内噬。据我们所知,这是首次报道 Se 化合物诱导这种类型的细胞死亡,对于这些化合物的抗癌特性的表征具有重要意义。
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