Tokodi Nada, Drobac Damjana, Lazić Gospava, Petrović Tamaš, Marinović Zoran, Lujić Jelena, Malešević Tamara Palanački, Meriluoto Jussi, Svirčev Zorica
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Toxicon. 2018 Nov;154:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.09.001. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Eighty cultures from the Novi Sad Cyanobacterial Culture Collection (NSCCC) were screened for toxicity with Artemia salina bioassay and for common cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins/nodularin (MCs/NOD) and saxitoxin (STX), with ELISA assays. The results show that 22.5% (11) of the investigated cyanobacterial cultures in exponential phase exhibited toxicity in the A. salina bioassay and 38.7% (31) produced MCs/NOD and/or STX. However, the findings in the two methods applied were contradictory. Therefore, A. salina bioassay was repeated on 28 cultures in stationary growth phase, which were positive in ELISA assays but not in the initial A. salina bioassay. Seven more cultures exhibited cell-bound toxicity, and only one extracellular toxicity. The observed difference in the toxicity indicates that cyanobacterial growth phase could affect the screening results. The findings also varied depending on the environment from which the cultures originated. In the initial screening via bioassay, 11.8% (6 cultures out of 51) from terrestrial and 17.2% (5 out of 29) from aquatic environment showed cell-bound toxicity. Furthermore, based on the ELISA assay, 31.4% (16) of the cultures from terrestrial ecosystems were positive for the presence of the investigated cyanotoxins, and 51.7% (15) from aquatic ecosystems. Based on all results, more frequent toxin production was observed in cultures originating from aquatic environments. Furthermore, the group of terrestrial cultures that originated from biological loess crusts were basically non-toxic. The discrepancies in the results by two different methods indicates that the use of several complementary methods would help to improve the assessment of cyanobacterial toxicity and cyanotoxin analyses.
利用卤虫生物测定法对诺维萨德蓝藻培养物保藏中心（NSCCC）的80种培养物进行了毒性筛选，并采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测了常见的蓝藻毒素，即微囊藻毒素/节球藻毒素（MCs/NOD）和石房蛤毒素（STX）。结果表明，处于指数生长期的被调查蓝藻培养物中，有22.5%（11种）在卤虫生物测定法中表现出毒性，38.7%（31种）产生了MCs/NOD和/或STX。然而，所采用的两种方法的结果相互矛盾。因此，对28种处于稳定生长期的培养物重复进行卤虫生物测定法，这些培养物在ELISA测定中呈阳性，但在最初的卤虫生物测定中呈阴性。又有7种培养物表现出细胞结合毒性，只有1种表现出细胞外毒性。观察到的毒性差异表明蓝藻的生长阶段可能会影响筛选结果。研究结果还因培养物的来源环境而异。在最初通过生物测定法进行的筛选中，来自陆地环境的培养物中有11.8%（51种中的6种）和来自水生环境的培养物中有17.2%（29种中的5种）表现出细胞结合毒性。此外，基于ELISA测定，来自陆地生态系统的培养物中有31.4%（16种）检测到所研究的蓝藻毒素呈阳性，来自水生生态系统的培养物中有51.7%（15种）呈阳性。基于所有结果，观察到来自水生环境的培养物中产生毒素的频率更高。此外，源自生物黄土结皮的陆地培养物组基本无毒。两种不同方法所得结果的差异表明，使用几种互补方法将有助于改进对蓝藻毒性和蓝藻毒素分析的评估。
