School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, 3525 Caroline Ave, Saint Louis, Missouri, 63104, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2018 Nov;216:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.013. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological study was to describe intergenerational patterns in adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and protective childhood experiences among teen mothers, their parents and children, and to include social disadvantage as a source of ACE. At the seventh wave of a study that has followed teen mothers and families beginning in 1988 for 28 years, 42 family members were reinterviewed in 2016. Adult participants also completed two tools that identify ACE and childhood family strengths. After narrative data were coded inductively, Interpretive Family Profiles were created to facilitate case and cross-case analysis. Of the 9 participating teen mothers at Time 7, 4 reported few ACE and many family strengths; their parents and children reported similar scores. Of the 5 mothers reporting high ACE, children's scores improved with one exception. Findings suggest that mothers' aspirations to shield their children from trauma was a fragile endeavor for mothers who faced ongoing trauma and economic hardships. Clinicians may facilitate intergenerational repair by capitalizing on mothers' aspirations with trauma-informed care and referrals to community resources. Trauma assessment should also include poverty-related ACE and experiences related to stigma and discrimination.
本解释性现象学研究旨在描述青少年母亲、其父母和孩子在不良童年经历 (ACE) 和保护性童年经历方面的代际模式，并将社会劣势视为 ACE 的来源。在一项始于 1988 年、历时 28 年的研究的第七波中，2016 年对 42 名家庭成员进行了重新访谈。成年参与者还完成了两项识别 ACE 和儿童家庭优势的工具。在对叙事数据进行归纳编码后，创建了解释性家庭档案，以促进案例和跨案例分析。在第七波参与的 9 名青少年母亲中，有 4 名报告 ACE 较少且家庭优势较多；其父母和孩子报告的分数相似。在报告 ACE 较高的 5 位母亲中，除了一个例外，孩子的分数有所提高。研究结果表明，母亲希望保护孩子免受创伤的愿望，对于那些面临持续创伤和经济困难的母亲来说，是一种脆弱的努力。临床医生可以通过提供以创伤为中心的护理和向社区资源转介，利用母亲对创伤的渴望来促进代际修复。创伤评估还应包括与贫困相关的 ACE 以及与耻辱和歧视相关的经历。
