Cao Y M, Gao W M, Liu J
No. 5 Suzhou People's Hospital, Suzhou 215137, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2018 Jun 20;36(6):435-438. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.06.010.
The main purpose of this study was to ascertain whether (or not) exposure to benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene (BTXE) , under normal working conditions, was associated with any health effects. From January to December 2014, the workplaces concentrations of BTXE were measured of 71 enterprises in Suzhou Industrial Park. Occupational health examination were investigated on 764 employees who exposed to BTXE, as well as 4409 employees of the corresponding enterprises who unexposed to BTXE, and analyzed the data of the two groups. A total of 6 monitoring sites in 3 enterprises BTXE concentrations excess of the standards, the unexposed group was under the limit of detection. The means of red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, intermediate cell count and percentage of intermediate cells were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (<0.05) . Conversely, platelet count was significantly lower in exposed group than in unexposed group (<0.05) . The proportion of red blood cell volume, lymphocyte count and percentage of intermediate cells were significantly lower in exposed group than in unexposed group (<0.05) . Both means and proportion of glutamic pyruvic transaminase and urea nitrogen were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (<0.05) . The positive rate of protein, urine, urine red blood cell were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (<0.05) . The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram, liver and kidney B scan were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that percentage of intermediate cells increased, urea nitrogen increased, urine protein positived, urine red blood cells positived in exposed group the values were 1.689, 3.291, 3.163 and 1.743 (<0.05) . Occupational exposure to low concentrations of BTXE had a certain impact on the blood system and liver and kidney function of the employees, occupational health surveillance for such people should be strengthened.
本研究的主要目的是确定在正常工作条件下，接触苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯（BTXE）是否会对健康产生任何影响。2014年1月至12月，对苏州工业园区71家企业的工作场所BTXE浓度进行了测量。对764名接触BTXE的员工以及相应企业中4409名未接触BTXE的员工进行了职业健康检查，并对两组数据进行了分析。3家企业的6个监测点BTXE浓度超标，未接触组低于检出限。接触组的红细胞计数、血红蛋白、血细胞比容、中间细胞计数及中间细胞百分比均值均显著高于未接触组（<0.05）。相反，接触组的血小板计数显著低于未接触组（<0.05）。接触组的红细胞体积比例、淋巴细胞计数及中间细胞百分比均显著低于未接触组（<0.05）。接触组的谷丙转氨酶和尿素氮均值及比例均显著高于未接触组（<0.05）。接触组的尿蛋白、尿红细胞阳性率均显著高于未接触组（<0.05）。接触组的心电图、肝脏和肾脏B超异常率均显著高于未接触组（<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，接触组的中间细胞百分比升高、尿素氮升高、尿蛋白阳性、尿红细胞阳性，其值分别为1.689、3.291、3.163和1.743（<0.05）。职业接触低浓度BTXE对员工的血液系统及肝肾功能有一定影响，应加强对此类人群的职业健康监护。
