Department of Education, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
Department of Education, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; Decision Making and Economic Psychology Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2019 Jan;177:335-350. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.08.009. Epub 2018 Sep 21.
The current study examined the association between children's subjective well-being (SWB) and their sharing behavior. School children (second and fifth graders) were interviewed in private and had an opportunity to share candy with a recipient under one of two between-participants conditions: Perceived-High Obligation (a recipient in poverty) and Perceived-Low Obligation (a temporarily needy recipient). Results provide initial evidence of an increased association between SWB and sharing decisions with age; whereas SWB was not significantly correlated with the incidence of sharing by younger children (second graders), it was a positive predictor of sharing behavior among fifth graders. Manipulating the perceived obligation to share (by emphasizing the causes beyond the recipient's need), we found that higher levels of SWB were linked to sharing only in the Perceived-Low Obligation condition. Children with lower SWB behaved as expected by the norm and shared to a similar degree as children with higher SWB when sharing felt obligatory. However, when sharing was less obligatory, higher levels of SWB were linked to higher levels of sharing.
本研究考察了儿童主观幸福感（SWB）与分享行为之间的关系。在私人访谈中，让小学生（二、五年级）有机会在两种被试间条件下与一个接受者分享糖果：感知高义务（贫困的接受者）和感知低义务（暂时有需要的接受者）。结果初步证明了 SWB 与年龄相关的分享决策之间的关联增加；虽然 SWB 与年幼的孩子（二年级）的分享发生率没有显著相关，但它是五年级学生分享行为的积极预测指标。通过操纵分享的感知义务（强调接受者需求之外的原因），我们发现，只有在感知低义务条件下，较高的 SWB 水平才与分享相关。SWB 水平较低的儿童表现符合规范，与 SWB 水平较高的儿童分享程度相似，当分享感到有义务时。然而，当分享的义务感较低时，较高的 SWB 水平与较高的分享水平相关。
