Zhu Yuning, Zhang Jingmiao, Liu Xiuli
School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
School of Educational Science and Technology, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 12;13:888028. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.888028. eCollection 2022.
Distribution and sharing are social preference behaviors supported and shaped by selection pressures, which express individuals' concern for the welfare of others. Distributive behavior results in distributive justice, which is at the core of moral justice. Sharing is a feature of the prosocial realm. The connotations of distribution and sharing are different, so the principles, research paradigms, and social functions of the two are also different. Three potential causes of confusion between the two in the current research on distribution and sharing are discussed. First, they share common factors in terms of individual cognition, situation, and social factors. Second, although they are conceptually different, prosocial sharing and distribution fairness sensitivity are mutually predictive in individual infants. Similarly, neural differences in preschoolers' perception of distribution fairness predict their subsequent sharing generosity. Finally, similar activation regions are relevant to distribution and sharing situations that need behavioral control on a neural basis.
分配和分享是受选择压力支持和塑造的社会偏好行为，这些行为表达了个体对他人福祉的关心。分配行为产生分配正义，而分配正义是道德正义的核心。分享是亲社会领域的一个特征。分配和分享的内涵不同，因此两者的原则、研究范式和社会功能也不同。本文讨论了当前分配与分享研究中两者混淆的三个潜在原因。第一，它们在个体认知、情境和社会因素方面有共同因素。第二，尽管亲社会分享和分配公平敏感性在概念上不同，但在个体婴儿中它们相互预测。同样，学龄前儿童对分配公平的感知中的神经差异预测了他们随后的分享慷慨程度。最后，类似的激活区域与在神经基础上需要行为控制的分配和分享情境相关。
