Department of Medical Biotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona-Gora, Poland.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Nov;39(11):967-981. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.09.005. Epub 2018 Sep 21.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death globally. Addressing cardiovascular risk factors, particularly dyslipidemia, represents the most robust clinical strategy towards reducing the CVD burden. Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and represent the main therapeutic approach for lowering cholesterol and reducing plaque formation/rupture. The protective effects of statins extend beyond lowering cholesterol. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), small noncoding regulatory RNAs, likely mediate the positive pleiotropic effects of statins via modulation of lipid metabolism, enhancement of endothelial function, inhibition of inflammation, improvement of plaque stability, and immune regulation. miRNAs are implicated in statin-related interindividual variations in therapeutic response, directly via HMG-CoA reductase, or indirectly through targeting cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) functionality and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type9 (PCSK9) biology.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球主要的死亡原因。解决心血管危险因素，特别是血脂异常，是降低 CVD 负担的最有效临床策略。他汀类药物抑制 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶 A（HMG-CoA）还原酶，是降低胆固醇和减少斑块形成/破裂的主要治疗方法。他汀类药物的保护作用不仅限于降低胆固醇。微小 RNA（miRNA 或 miRs）是小的非编码调节 RNA，可能通过调节脂质代谢、增强内皮功能、抑制炎症、改善斑块稳定性和免疫调节，介导他汀类药物的积极多效作用。miRNA 直接通过 HMG-CoA 还原酶，或间接通过靶向细胞色素 P450 3A（CYP3A）功能和前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素/激肽释放酶 9（PCSK9）生物学，参与他汀类药物相关的个体间治疗反应的个体间差异。
