Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Ein Kerem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2019 Jan;68(1):33-43. doi: 10.1007/s00262-018-2249-2. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
In recent years, immune cells were shown to play critical roles in tumor growth and metastatic progression. In this context, neutrophils were shown to possess both pro- and anti-tumor properties. To exert their anti-tumor effect, neutrophils need to migrate towards, and form physical contact with tumor cells. Neutrophils secrete HO in a contact-dependent mechanism, thereby inducing a lethal Ca influx via the activation of the HO-dependent TRPM2 Ca channel. Here, we explored the mechanism regulating neutrophil chemoattraction to tumor cells. Interestingly, we found that TRPM2 plays a role in this context as well, since it regulates the expression of potent neutrophil chemoattractants. Consequently, cells expressing reduced levels of TRPM2 are not approached by neutrophils. Together, these observations demonstrate how tumor cells expressing reduced levels of TRPM2 evade neutrophil cytotoxicity in two interrelated mechanisms-downregulation of neutrophil chemoattractants and blocking of the apoptotic Ca-dependent cascade. These observations demonstrate a critical role for TRPM2 in neutrophil-mediated immunosurveillance and identify cells expressing low levels of TRPM2, as a potential target for cancer therapy.
近年来,免疫细胞在肿瘤生长和转移进展中发挥着关键作用。在这种情况下,中性粒细胞被证明具有促肿瘤和抗肿瘤特性。为了发挥其抗肿瘤作用,中性粒细胞需要向肿瘤细胞迁移,并与肿瘤细胞形成物理接触。中性粒细胞通过一种依赖接触的机制分泌 HO,从而通过激活依赖 HO 的 TRPM2 Ca 通道诱导致命的 Ca 内流。在这里,我们探讨了调节中性粒细胞向肿瘤细胞趋化的机制。有趣的是,我们发现 TRPM2 在这种情况下也起着作用,因为它调节着强效中性粒细胞趋化因子的表达。因此,表达水平降低的 TRPM2 的细胞不会被中性粒细胞接近。总之,这些观察结果表明,表达水平降低的 TRPM2 的肿瘤细胞通过两种相互关联的机制逃避中性粒细胞的细胞毒性:下调中性粒细胞趋化因子和阻断凋亡 Ca 依赖性级联。这些观察结果表明 TRPM2 在中性粒细胞介导的免疫监视中起着关键作用,并确定表达低水平 TRPM2 的细胞作为癌症治疗的潜在靶点。
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