Hoque M N, Das Z C, Rahman A N M A, Hoque M M
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Reproductive Health, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
Department of Surgery & Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
Int J Vet Sci Med. 2016 Dec 10;4(2):63-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2016.11.001. eCollection 2016 Dec.
Administration of vitamin, mineral and antimicrobials at the end of lactation plays potential role in preventing mastitis in dairy cows. A total of 255 cows dividing into five groups (A = 50, B = 50, C = 50, D = 50 and E = 55) at their late gestation period were selected to explore the effect of vitamin E, selenium and antimicrobial therapy on mastitis incidence, their productive and reproductive performances. Each cow of group A received α-tocopherol + sodium selenite orally daily for last 30 days before calving, while each cow of group B, C and D was treated with α-tocopherol + sodium selenite intramuscular injection, procaine penicillin + neomycin sulfate, and dicloxacillin sodium intramammary infusions at Day 30-20 before calving, respectively. Group E cows served as untreated control. California mastitis test (CMT) revealed that 70.0%, 76.0%, 84.0% and 100.0% cows in group A, B, C and D, respectively were free from new intramammary infections (IMIs) during early lactation period. The bacteriological results showed highest IMIs rates (76.3%) in group E and lowest IMIs (2.0%) in group D ( < 0.05). and were the most predominant udder pathogens in all groups except group D (only CNS). The mean IMIs incidence (20.5%) was significantly lower in treated cows ( < 0.001). The treated cows had higher cure rates (81.9%) than control cows (23.1%) and overall efficacy of treatments on cure rates was 71.8% for all mastitis pathogens ( < 0.0001). The productive and reproductive performances of the treated cows at postpartum and early lactation period remained always higher than their non-treated counterparts ( < 0.001). A number of cow and herd related factors were identified to be significantly associated with mastitis ( < 0.001). The results concluded that antimicrobial therapy had more beneficial effect in preventing mastitis over vitamin-mineral administration and intramammary infusion with dicloxacillin sodium remained as the best effective preventive strategies for mastitis in dairy cows.
在泌乳期末期给予维生素、矿物质和抗菌药物对预防奶牛乳腺炎具有潜在作用。选取255头处于妊娠后期的奶牛分为五组（A组 = 50头，B组 = 50头，C组 = 50头，D组 = 50头，E组 = 55头），以探究维生素E、硒和抗菌治疗对乳腺炎发病率及其生产和繁殖性能的影响。A组的每头奶牛在产犊前最后30天每天口服α - 生育酚 + 亚硒酸钠，而B组、C组和D组的每头奶牛分别在产犊前30 - 20天接受α - 生育酚 + 亚硒酸钠肌肉注射、普鲁卡因青霉素 + 硫酸新霉素以及双氯西林钠乳房内灌注治疗。E组奶牛作为未治疗的对照组。加利福尼亚乳腺炎检测（CMT）显示，A组、B组、C组和D组分别有70.0%、76.0%、84.0%和100.0%的奶牛在泌乳早期没有新的乳房内感染（IMIs）。细菌学结果显示，E组的IMIs发生率最高（76.3%），D组最低（2.0%）（P < 0.05）。除D组（仅凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌）外，葡萄球菌和链球菌是所有组中最主要的乳房病原体。治疗奶牛的平均IMIs发生率（20.5%）显著较低（P < 0.001）。治疗奶牛的治愈率（81.9%）高于对照奶牛（23.1%），所有乳腺炎病原体的治疗总体治愈率为71.8%（P < 0.0001）。产后和泌乳早期治疗奶牛的生产和繁殖性能始终高于未治疗的奶牛（P < 0.001）。确定了一些与奶牛和牛群相关的因素与乳腺炎显著相关（P < 0.001）。结果表明，抗菌治疗在预防乳腺炎方面比维生素 - 矿物质给药更有益，乳房内灌注双氯西林钠仍然是预防奶牛乳腺炎的最佳有效策略。
