巴西人兽共患内脏利什曼病流行地区犬类的血清阳性率及分子特征
Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of in dogs from an endemic area of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil.
作者信息
Lopes Josiane V, Michalsky Érika M, Lara Silva Fabiana de O, Lima Ana Cristina V M R, de Avelar Daniel M, da Costa Ailton A Junior, França-Silva João C, Regina-Silva Shara, Fortes-Dias Consuelo L, Dias Edelberto S
机构信息
Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
出版信息
Int J Vet Sci Med. 2017 Apr 22;5(1):70-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2017.02.002. eCollection 2017 Jun.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) can cause large-scale and tenacious epidemics with high fatality rates. Current seroprevalence and circulating species were evaluated in dogs domiciled in the municipality of Sabará, a small historic and touristic city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. A total of 3926 dogs domiciled in seven different districts of Sabará were serologically tested for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) and immunofluorescence (IFA) assays, in a two-years census survey (2011-2012). The average positivity rate of canine infection was 3.4%. Three additional diagnostic tests - imprint/smear direct parasitological, molecular (LnPCR) and myeloculture - were performed in a random sample of fifty seropositive dogs composed of symptomatic (39) and asymptomatic (eleven) animals. LnPCR showed 100% of positivity for DNA in, at least, one among four tissue samples tested (mesenteric lymph node, skin, spleen and bone marrow), independently of the clinical canine group. Higher and statistically equivalent positivity rates (98% and 96%) for DNA were found in canine lymph node and spleen. Asymptomatic dogs showed expressive positivity rates in all three additional diagnostic techniques. was confirmed as the etiological agent of CVL in Sabará.
内脏利什曼病（VL）可引发大规模且顽固的疫情，致死率很高。对位于巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州一座历史悠久的小型旅游城市萨巴拉市的家养犬进行了当前血清阳性率和流行物种的评估。在一项为期两年的普查（2011 - 2012年）中，通过间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和免疫荧光（IFA）检测，对居住在萨巴拉市七个不同区的总共3926只家养犬进行了犬内脏利什曼病（CVL）的血清学检测。犬感染的平均阳性率为3.4%。对由有症状（39只）和无症状（11只）动物组成的50只血清阳性犬的随机样本进行了另外三项诊断检测——印记/涂片直接寄生虫学检测、分子检测（LnPCR）和骨髓培养。LnPCR显示，在所检测的四个组织样本（肠系膜淋巴结、皮肤、脾脏和骨髓）中的至少一个样本中，DNA的阳性率为100%，与犬的临床分组无关。在犬的淋巴结和脾脏中发现DNA的阳性率较高且在统计学上相当（分别为98%和96%）。无症状犬在所有另外三项诊断技术中均显示出较高的阳性率。在萨巴拉市，已确认 为CVL的病原体。
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