Corrales-Hernández Alejandro, Mota-Rojas Daniel, Guerrero-Legarreta Isabel, Roldan-Santiago Patricia, Rodríguez-Salinas Selene, Yáñez-Pizaña Ariadna, de la Cruz Luis, González-Lozano Miguel, Mora-Medina Patricia
Maestría en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Campus Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, México City, DF 04960, Mexico.
Stress Physiology and Farm Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Production and Agriculture, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, México City, DF 04960, Mexico.
Int J Vet Sci Med. 2018 Mar 13;6(1):97-102. doi: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.03.002. eCollection 2018 Jun.
The horse welfare at markets includes fatigue, fear, fasting, dehydration and injuries. However, the scientific literature contains no readily-available information on the physiology responses of equids sold in livestock markets. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of holding in livestock markets on gas exchange, the acid-base balance, energy metabolism, and the mineral and water balance in 4 types of horses (), donkeys () and mules (( × ). To this end, a total of 1,438 equine were utilized, after classification into six groups, as follows: mules, donkeys, culled horses, horses (Mexican rodeo horses), foals, and ponies. The time intervals evaluated were 1 and 5 h. During the study, the animals received only water . The physiological blood indicators assessed were: PCO (mm Hg) and PO (mm Hg) pressure, pH, glucose (mg/dL), lactate (mg/dL), bicarbonate levels (mmol/L), hematocrit (%), Na, K and Ca (mmol/L). The animals that presented the most marked physiological alterations were the mules and donkeys. The mules that remained in the corrals for 1 h presented increases ( < 0.0001) in the values for pO glucose, hematocrit and blood pH, compared to reference values (RV), while the donkeys had increases ( < 0.0001) in glucose and hematocrit values. By the end of the first hour at the exhibition corrals the equine were dehydrated, suffered fatigue, and suffered metabolic and compensatory problems, probably due to the combined effects of a series of factors that include transport and inadequate handling.
市场上马匹的福利问题包括疲劳、恐惧、禁食、脱水和受伤。然而，科学文献中没有关于在牲畜市场出售的马属动物生理反应的现成信息。本研究的目的是评估在牲畜市场停留对4种马（马、驴和骡（马×驴））的气体交换、酸碱平衡、能量代谢以及矿物质和水平衡的影响。为此，总共使用了1438匹马属动物，分为以下六组：骡、驴、淘汰马、马（墨西哥牛仔竞技用马）、马驹和小马。评估的时间间隔为1小时和5小时。在研究期间，动物只饮水。评估的生理血液指标有：PCO₂（毫米汞柱）和PO₂（毫米汞柱）压力、pH值、葡萄糖（毫克/分升）、乳酸（毫克/分升）、碳酸氢盐水平（毫摩尔/升）、血细胞比容（%）、钠、钾和钙（毫摩尔/升）。生理变化最明显的动物是骡和驴。在畜栏中停留1小时的骡，与参考值（RV）相比，其pO₂、葡萄糖、血细胞比容和血液pH值升高（P<0.0001），而驴的葡萄糖和血细胞比容值升高（P<0.0001）。在展览畜栏的第一个小时结束时，马属动物出现脱水、疲劳，并出现代谢和代偿问题，这可能是由于包括运输和处理不当在内的一系列因素的综合作用。
