Chen Xi, Ye Wei, Zhan Jing Yu, Wang Xing, Tai Bao Jun, Hu De Yu, Lin Huan Cai, Wang Bo, Si Yan, Wang Chun Xiao, Zheng Shu Guo, Liu Xue Nan, Rong Wen Sheng, Wang Wei Jian, Feng Xi Ping
Chin J Dent Res. 2018;21(3):195-203. doi: 10.3290/j.cjdr.a41075.
To investigate the periodontal health status and associated factors of adolescents aged 12 to 15 years old in China.
A cross-sectional national oral health survey was conducted in 2015-2016. The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select participants in all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland of China. Each participant received a clinical assessment including periodontal bleeding and calculus, and 15-year-old adolescents received additional examinations including for periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss, using the latest criteria from the Oral Health Survey Basic Methods, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A self-answered structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data of background information and associated risk factors.
A total of 118,514 adolescents (14.0 ± 1.09 years old) completed all the oral examinations and the questionnaire. The prevalence of periodontal bleeding and calculus was 61.0% and 67.3% respectively. In the group of 15 year olds, 6.5% adolescents had periodontal pocket and 0.5% had attachment loss. Molars were often involved and, furthermore, calculus also occurred on lower incisors. The periodontal status of adolescents became worse as they grew up. The condition of girls was significantly better than boys.
This survey illustrated a brief picture of periodontal status of adolescents in China showing that gingival bleeding and calculus were very common and frequent. Further actions on oral health education were necessary, especially for those in lower socio-economic classes.
调查中国12至15岁青少年的牙周健康状况及相关因素。
于2015 - 2016年开展了一项全国性口腔健康横断面调查。采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，在中国内地31个省、自治区和直辖市选取参与者。每位参与者均接受了包括牙周出血和牙石在内的临床评估，15岁青少年还按照世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的《口腔健康调查基本方法》的最新标准，接受了包括牙周袋深度和附着丧失在内的额外检查。设计了一份自填式结构化问卷，以收集背景信息和相关危险因素的数据。
共有118,514名青少年（14.0 ± 1.09岁）完成了所有口腔检查和问卷。牙周出血和牙石的患病率分别为61.0%和67.3%。在15岁组中，6.5%的青少年有牙周袋，0.5%有附着丧失。磨牙常受累，此外，下前牙也有牙石。青少年的牙周状况随着年龄增长而变差。女孩的情况明显好于男孩。
本次调查描绘了中国青少年牙周状况的概况，表明牙龈出血和牙石非常普遍且常见。有必要进一步开展口腔健康教育行动，尤其是针对社会经济地位较低的人群。
