Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006;
Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Oct 9;115(41):10505-10510. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1802018115. Epub 2018 Sep 26.
In primates, visual perception is mediated by brain circuits composed of submillimeter nodes linked together in specific networks that process different types of information, such as eye specificity and contour orientation. We hypothesized that optogenetic stimulation targeted to cortical nodes could selectively activate such cortical networks. We used viral transfection methods to confer light sensitivity to neurons in monkey primary visual cortex. Using intrinsic signal optical imaging and single-unit electrophysiology to assess effects of targeted optogenetic stimulation, we found that () optogenetic stimulation of single ocular dominance columns (eye-specific nodes) revealed preferential activation of nearby same-eye columns but not opposite-eye columns, and () optogenetic stimulation of single orientation domains increased visual response of matching orientation domains and relatively suppressed nonmatching orientation selectivity. These findings demonstrate that optical stimulation of single nodes leads to modulation of functionally specific cortical networks related to underlying neural architecture.
在灵长类动物中，视觉感知是由大脑回路介导的，这些回路由毫米级的节点组成，这些节点以特定的网络连接在一起，处理不同类型的信息，如眼特异性和轮廓方向。我们假设，针对皮质节点的光遗传学刺激可以选择性地激活这种皮质网络。我们使用病毒转染方法使猴子初级视觉皮层中的神经元具有光敏感性。通过使用内在信号光学成像和单细胞电生理学来评估靶向光遗传学刺激的效果，我们发现：（）对单个眼优势柱（眼特异性节点）的光遗传学刺激揭示了对附近同眼柱的优先激活，而不是对相反眼柱的激活；（）对单个方向域的光遗传学刺激增加了匹配方向域的视觉反应，并且相对抑制了非匹配方向选择性。这些发现表明，单个节点的光学刺激会导致与潜在神经结构相关的功能特异性皮质网络的调制。
