病原体的生活史权衡与抗生作用的治疗原则

Life history tradeoffs of pathogens and the treatment principle of antibiogenesis.

作者信息

Wang Rui-An

机构信息

Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, China.

出版信息

Genes Dis. 2017 Jul 20;4(3):154-158. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2017.07.004. eCollection 2017 Sep.

DOI:10.1016/j.gendis.2017.07.004

PMID:30258917

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6150116/

Abstract

There are no eternal individual lives so life continues by relaying with reproduction. Consequently, lifespan and fecundity are two essential genetic traits of life. The life history tradeoffs theory holds that there is an inverse relationship between lifespan and fecundity. This paper proposes two new concepts, i.e., "lifespan of pathogens" and treatment of infections by "antibiogenesis". The lifespan of pathogens is the time limitation of those tiny lives just as other large creatures. Notably, the lifespan of bacterium is the time interval from the cell division by which it is produced to next division by then its life ends and transforms to two new lives, or dies. Antibiogenesis means inhibiting generation of new lives. By the principle of life history tradeoffs, the lifespan of pathogens determines the speed of their proliferations and consequently the modality of infection. The treatment principle of antibiogenesis requires the duration of treatment to be determined by the lifespan of infected pathogens. The life history tradeoffs theory and the two concepts are helpful to understanding the pathobiology and shaping the clinical aspects of infectious diseases.

摘要

不存在永恒的个体生命，因此生命通过繁殖延续得以存续。所以，寿命和繁殖力是生命的两个基本遗传特征。生命史权衡理论认为，寿命和繁殖力之间存在反比关系。本文提出了两个新概念，即“病原体寿命”和通过“抗生法”治疗感染。病原体寿命是这些微小生命的时间限制，就如同其他大型生物一样。值得注意的是，细菌的寿命是从其产生的细胞分裂到下一次分裂的时间间隔，届时其生命结束并转化为两个新生命，或者死亡。抗生法意味着抑制新生命的产生。根据生命史权衡原则，病原体的寿命决定了它们的增殖速度，进而决定了感染的方式。抗生法的治疗原则要求治疗持续时间由受感染病原体的寿命来确定。生命史权衡理论以及这两个概念有助于理解感染性疾病的病理生物学并形成其临床方面的认识。