Juszczyk Grzegorz, Czerw Aleksandra Izabela, Walewska-Zielecka Bożena, Mikos Marcin, Banaś Tomasz, Deptała Andrzej, Ślusarczyk Janusz
Department of Public Health, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Health Economics and Medical Law, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018 Sep 25;25(3):572-575. doi: 10.26444/aaem/91467.
Hepatitis A (HA) is caused by infection with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). The differential etiological diagnosis of acute hepatitis is based on a positive result of the serological test detecting IgM class anti-HAV. For epidemiological studies on past infection and seroprevalence of HAV in populations, the tests measuring IgG class anti-HAV or total anti-HAV are used. Since the 1990s, specific prophylaxis is possible by vaccination against HA. In Poland, vaccination is recommended and in majority is performed at own cost.
Database was obtained from electronic medical records of the 2 major private health care providers networks (Luxmed and Medicover) operating in Poland. During a 3-year period (2013-2015), 1,124 persons with unknown status of anti-HA vaccination were tested for the presence of total anti-HAV. Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-HAV among working professionals in Poland.
Anti-HAV were detected in 603 (53.6%) persons, while 521 (46.3%) tested negative. The study group was divided into 2 subgroups: 25-44 and 45-64-years-old. For detailed statistical analysis, the presence of anti-HAV was considered as a dependent variable, and its predictors were gender, age and the year of the test performance. The presence of anti-HAV was significantly more prevalent in older age group. The lack of specific antibodies was more prevalent in younger age group.
Results of the study show increasing susceptibility to HAV infection in the younger age group, compared with the older age group of corporate professional employees in large cities in Poland. Since the epidemiological situation of HA is currently changing with increasing number of symptomatic cases of HA, it is suggested that employers might consider including an additional procedure of vaccination against HA into their private health insurance portfolio.
甲型肝炎（HA）由甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）感染引起。急性肝炎的病因鉴别诊断基于检测IgM类抗-HAV血清学试验的阳性结果。对于人群中既往HAV感染和血清流行率的流行病学研究，采用检测IgG类抗-HAV或总抗-HAV的试验。自20世纪90年代以来，通过接种甲型肝炎疫苗可进行特异性预防。在波兰，建议接种疫苗，且大多数是自费接种。
数据库来自在波兰运营的2个主要私人医疗服务提供商网络（卢克斯梅德和梅迪科弗）的电子病历。在3年期间（2013 - 2015年），对1124名甲型肝炎疫苗接种状况不明的人员进行了总抗-HAV检测。目的：本研究旨在评估波兰在职专业人员中抗-HAV的血清流行率。
603人（53.6%）检测到抗-HAV，而521人（46.3%）检测为阴性。研究组分为2个亚组：25 - 44岁和45 - 64岁。为进行详细的统计分析，将抗-HAV的存在视为因变量，其预测因素为性别、年龄和检测年份。抗-HAV在老年组中的存在显著更普遍。缺乏特异性抗体在年轻组中更普遍。
研究结果表明，与波兰大城市企业专业员工的老年组相比，年轻组对HAV感染的易感性增加。由于目前甲型肝炎的流行病学情况随着有症状甲型肝炎病例数的增加而变化，建议雇主可能考虑将额外的甲型肝炎疫苗接种程序纳入其私人健康保险组合。
