Carney Tara, Myers Bronwyn, Louw Johann
Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Use Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa.
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
S Afr J Psychiatr. 2016 Jul 15;22(1):932. doi: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.932. eCollection 2016.
Screening for adolescent substance use can assist with the early identification of substance-related problems and guide the provision of appropriate services. As such, psychometrically sound screening tools are needed. The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of the CRAFFT, Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Short Screener (GAIN-SS) substance use subscale and Personal Experience Screening Questionnaire (PESQ) among adolescents from disadvantaged communities in Cape Town, South Africa.
Adolescents aged 12-19 years ( = 231) completed the three screeners at two points in time.
Findings show that all three of the screeners had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach α ≥ 0.8). Test-retest reliability was similar for all three screeners, with intraclass correlation coefficient values slightly higher for the PESQ (0.82, 95% CI: 0.77-0.86) than for the GAIN-SS substance use subscale (0.79, 95% CI: 0.73-0.84) and CRAFFT (0.76; 95% CI: 0.66-0.83). Kappa values indicated that the GAIN-SS substance use subscale and CRAFFT had moderate levels of agreement, while the PESQ had substantial levels of agreement for identifying those who had moderate or higher substance use risks at Time 1 and Time 2.
The findings indicate that all of these short screeners seem to have acceptable reliability when used in this population. All of the three screeners are appropriately reliable when used with adolescents from disadvantaged communities in Cape Town, but the PESQ performed slightly better. Future studies should also include the assessment of validity of these screeners in this context.
对青少年物质使用情况进行筛查有助于早期识别与物质相关的问题，并指导提供适当的服务。因此，需要心理测量学上可靠的筛查工具。本研究的目的是比较南非开普敦弱势社区青少年中，CRAFFT筛查工具、个体需求综合评估简版（GAIN-SS）物质使用分量表和个人经历筛查问卷（PESQ）的可靠性。
12至19岁的青少年（n = 231）在两个时间点完成了这三项筛查。
研究结果表明，所有这三项筛查工具都具有足够的内部一致性（Cronbach α≥0.8）。所有三项筛查工具的重测信度相似，PESQ的组内相关系数值（0.82，95%置信区间：0.77 - 0.86）略高于GAIN-SS物质使用分量表（0.79，95%置信区间：0.73 - 0.84）和CRAFFT（0.76；95%置信区间：0.66 - 0.83）。kappa值表明，GAIN-SS物质使用分量表和CRAFFT的一致性水平中等，而PESQ在识别第1次和第2次有中度或更高物质使用风险的人群时具有较高的一致性水平。
研究结果表明，当在该人群中使用时，所有这些简短筛查工具似乎都具有可接受的可靠性。在与开普敦弱势社区的青少年一起使用时，所有这三项筛查工具都具有适当的可靠性，但PESQ的表现略好。未来的研究还应包括在此背景下对这些筛查工具有效性的评估。
