Polokowski Ashley R, Shakil Haque, Carmichael Cheryl L, Reigada Laura C
The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Nutr Neurosci. 2020 Jul;23(7):494-504. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2018.1525092. Epub 2018 Sep 28.
Anxiety is prevalent, costly, and associated with significant adverse outcomes. The importance of nutrition is underestimated in the management of mental health disorders. In particular, omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) are a critical component for healthy development and have been shown to reduce anxiety symptoms. This paper reviews the current state of the research to identify potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between ω-3 FAs and anxiety reduction. Studies were identified using PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Of the 197 full-text studies screened, six met criteria for inclusion. Four mechanisms were identified based on primary outcomes reported by each study, and are provided to guide future research examining ω-3 FAs and anxiety. They include: (1) standardization of dosage and duration of ω-3 supplementation, (2) more rigorous measurement of variables, (3) effective blinding of participants, (4) designing experiments that test mediation, and (5) increasing sample diversity.
焦虑症普遍存在，代价高昂，且会带来严重的不良后果。在心理健康障碍的管理中，营养的重要性被低估了。特别是，ω-3脂肪酸（ω-3 FAs）是健康发育的关键组成部分，并且已被证明可以减轻焦虑症状。本文综述了当前的研究状况，以确定ω-3脂肪酸与减轻焦虑之间关系的潜在机制。通过PubMed、PsycINFO和CINAHL数据库检索相关研究。在筛选的197篇全文研究中，有6篇符合纳入标准。根据每项研究所报告的主要结果确定了四种机制，并提供这些机制以指导未来关于ω-3脂肪酸与焦虑症的研究。它们包括：（1）ω-3补充剂剂量和疗程的标准化，（2）对变量进行更严格的测量，（3）对参与者进行有效的盲法处理，（4）设计测试中介作用的实验，以及（S）增加样本多样性。
