Division of Hematology-Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Department of Internal Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Eur J Haematol. 2019 Jan;102(1):53-62. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13177. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Thrombosis of unusual venous sites encompasses a large part of consultative hematology and is encountered routinely by practicing hematologists. Contrary to the more commonly encountered lower extremity venous thrombosis and common cardiovascular disorders, the various thromboses outlined in this review have unique presentations, pathophysiology, workup, and treatments that all hematologists should be aware of. This review attempts to outline the most up to date literature on cerebral, retinal, upper extremity, hepatic, portal, splenic, mesenteric, and renal vein thrombosis, focusing on the incidence, pathophysiology, provoking factors, and current recommended treatments for each type of unusual thrombosis to provide a useful and practical review for the hematologist.
不常见静脉部位的血栓形成涵盖了咨询血液学的很大一部分内容，也是执业血液学家经常遇到的问题。与更常见的下肢静脉血栓形成和常见心血管疾病不同，本综述中概述的各种血栓形成具有独特的表现、病理生理学、检查和治疗方法，所有血液学家都应该了解这些方法。本综述试图概述关于脑、视网膜、上肢、肝、门静脉、脾、肠系膜和肾静脉血栓形成的最新文献，重点介绍每种不常见血栓形成的发病率、病理生理学、诱发因素和当前推荐的治疗方法，为血液学家提供有用且实用的综述。
