Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden.
Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2020 Jun;48(4):436-441. doi: 10.1177/1403494818801628. Epub 2018 Sep 29.
Falls are common in the elderly population, and fall-related injuries are a major health issue. We investigated the ability of simple physical tests to predict incident falls. : The Swedish Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study includes 3014 population-based men aged 69-81 years at the start of the study. These men performed five different physical tests at baseline: right-hand grip strength, left-hand grip strength, timed stand test, 6 m walking test (time and steps) and narrow walking test. During the first study year, we asked participants to fill out questionnaires regarding falls 4, 8 and 12 months after baseline. A total of 2969 men completed at least one questionnaire and were included in this study. We used generalised estimating equations and logarithmic regression models to estimate odds ratios for fallers and recurrent fallers (more than one fall during the one-year examination period) in each quartile of men for each physical test. : The proportions of fallers and recurrent fallers were higher in the lowest quartile of the physical tests than in the other three quartiles combined for all physical tests. A reduction of one standard deviation in respective physical test resulted in a 13-21% higher risk of becoming a faller and a 13-31% higher risk of becoming a recurrent faller.
老年人中跌倒很常见，与跌倒相关的伤害是一个主要的健康问题。我们研究了简单的身体测试预测偶发性跌倒的能力。瑞典男性骨质疏松性骨折研究（MrOS）包括 3014 名年龄在 69-81 岁的基于人群的男性，在研究开始时。这些男性在基线时进行了五项不同的身体测试：右手握力、左手握力、计时站立测试、6 米步行测试（时间和步数）和狭窄步行测试。在研究的第一年，我们要求参与者在基线后 4、8 和 12 个月填写有关跌倒的问卷。共有 2969 名男性至少完成了一份问卷，并被纳入本研究。我们使用广义估计方程和对数回归模型来估计每个身体测试的每个四分位数中每个四分位数男性的跌倒者和复发性跌倒者（在一年的检查期间跌倒一次以上）的比值比。所有身体测试中，跌倒者和复发性跌倒者的比例在身体测试最低四分位的比例高于其他三个四分位的总和。相应的身体测试中标准偏差降低一个单位会导致成为跌倒者的风险增加 13-21%，成为复发性跌倒者的风险增加 13-31%。
