Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Aging Ment Health. 2020 Jan;24(1):186-192. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1523878. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
Hong Kong - Vigilance and Memory Test (HK-VMT) is developed to distinguish early cognitive impairment in the pre-symptomatic phase from normal cognitive ageing in older adults. The objectives were to validate HK-VMT to differentiate mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy control (HC), and to explore the cut-off scores for different educational levels. A total of 606 older adults underwent the HK-VMT and conventional cognitive tests. HK-VMT is a 15 minutes cognitive battery that assesses episodic memory, attention, and visuospatial ability. The HK-VMT total is the sum of accuracy of all subtests with a range of 0 to 40. Differences in socio-demographic and clinical characteristics between groups were explored. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to compare HK-VMT and Cantonese Mini Mental State Examination (CMMSE). A sample of 50 participants repeated the HK-VMT in 1 month to evaluate test-retest reliability. ROC analysis of Area Under Curve (AUC) demonstrated that HK-VMT (AUC 0.793) was comparable to CMMSE (AUC 0.748) in differentiating MCI from HC in a matched sample. A cutoff at 21/22 was chosen yielding a sensitivity of 86.1% and a specificity of 75.3% for differentiating MCI and HC. Test-retest reliability of HK-VMT total was 0.71 (p<.001) in a month time. HK-VMT has demonstrated satisfactory validity in detecting cognitive impairment with good test-retest reliability in local older adults. It also performed favourably in the highly educated group when compared to CMMSE.
香港警觉与记忆测验（HK-VMT）旨在区分无症状期的早期认知障碍与老年人的正常认知老化。本研究的目的是验证 HK-VMT 能够区分轻度认知障碍（MCI）和健康对照组（HC），并探讨不同教育程度的截断值。共有 606 名老年人接受了 HK-VMT 和常规认知测试。HK-VMT 是一种 15 分钟的认知测试，评估情景记忆、注意力和视空间能力。HK-VMT 的总分为所有子测验的准确性之和，范围为 0 至 40。探索了组间社会人口统计学和临床特征的差异。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）分析比较了 HK-VMT 和粤语简易精神状态检查（CMMSE）。对 50 名参与者进行了 1 个月的重复 HK-VMT 以评估测试-重测信度。ROC 分析曲线下面积（AUC）显示，在匹配样本中，HK-VMT（AUC 0.793）在区分 MCI 与 HC 方面与 CMMSE（AUC 0.748）相当。选择 21/22 作为截断值，区分 MCI 和 HC 的灵敏度为 86.1%，特异性为 75.3%。在 1 个月的时间内，HK-VMT 总测试的重测信度为 0.71（p<.001）。HK-VMT 在检测认知障碍方面具有良好的有效性和重测信度，在本地老年人中表现良好。与 CMMSE 相比，它在高教育程度人群中表现也较好。
