Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK.
Trends Neurosci. 2018 Oct;41(10):712-728. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.08.009. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
The auditory modality is fundamentally a temporal sense that requires analysis of changes in sound signals on timescales ranging from microseconds to minutes. To generate a faithful representation of changes in sound intensity and frequency over time, sound offsets (disappearances) as well as sound onsets (appearances) must be encoded by the auditory system. We review here the computational significance, perceptual roles, anatomical locations, and cellular and network origins of sound-offset responses in the mammalian auditory brain. We show that sound-offset responses arise from mechanisms and pathways distinct from those producing sound-onset responses, and are likely to be essential for auditory processing of temporally discontinuous sounds such as speech.
听觉是一种基本的时间感知，需要对微秒到分钟时间尺度上的声音信号变化进行分析。为了忠实地表示声音强度和频率随时间的变化，听觉系统必须对声音的消失（offset）和出现（onset）进行编码。我们在这里回顾了哺乳动物听觉脑区中声音消失反应的计算意义、感知作用、解剖位置、细胞和网络起源。我们表明，声音消失反应源自于产生声音出现反应的不同机制和通路，对于听觉处理诸如语音等不连续声音可能至关重要。
