Abrams G D
Am J Surg Pathol. 1987;11 Suppl 1:16-24. doi: 10.1097/00000478-198700111-00002.
In the normal digestive tract, interaction of the mucosa with a large and varied microbial flora is inevitable. In fact, the "normal" state of the digestive tract reflects the impact of the resident flora to a significant degree. The pathogenesis of various infectious conditions encountered by the surgical pathologist in the gut is understood more readily when the gastrointestinal tract is viewed as a complex ecosystem. Significant disease may result from perturbation of the normal flora, as well as from exogenous infection, and susceptibility of the host may vary with disturbances of the digestive ecosystem. An ecologic perspective is essential in the consideration not only of the "infected" gut, but of conditions as diverse as ischemia or even carcinogenesis in the gastrointestinal mucosa.
在正常消化道中，黏膜与种类繁多的微生物菌群相互作用是不可避免的。事实上，消化道的“正常”状态在很大程度上反映了常驻菌群的影响。当将胃肠道视为一个复杂的生态系统时，外科病理学家在肠道中遇到的各种感染性疾病的发病机制就更容易理解了。正常菌群的扰动以及外源性感染都可能导致严重疾病，并且宿主的易感性可能会随着消化生态系统的紊乱而变化。生态学观点不仅对于考虑“感染性”肠道，而且对于诸如胃肠道黏膜缺血甚至癌变等各种不同情况都至关重要。
