a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.
b The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2018 Nov;18(11):1159-1170. doi: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1531846. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
Conventional therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) typically fail to provide lasting antitumor benefits, owing to their inability to specifically eliminate all malignant cells. Cancer vaccines are currently being evaluated as a means to direct the adaptive immune system to target residual GBM cells that remain following standard-of-care treatment.
In this review, we provide an overview of the more noteworthy cancer vaccines that are under investigation for the treatment of GBM, as well as potential future directions that may enhance GBM-vaccine effectiveness.
To date, no cancer vaccines have been proven effective against GBM; however, only a few have reached phase III clinical testing. Clinical immunological monitoring data suggest that GBM vaccines are capable of stimulating immune responses reactive to GBM antigens, but whether these responses have an appreciable antitumor effect on GBM is still uncertain. Nevertheless, there have been several promising outcomes in early phase clinical trials, which lend encouragement to this area of study. Further studies with GBM vaccines are, therefore, warranted.
由于不能特异性地清除所有恶性细胞，胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）的常规疗法通常无法提供持久的抗肿瘤益处。癌症疫苗目前正在被评估为一种方法，旨在引导适应性免疫系统靶向标准治疗后残留的 GBM 细胞。
在这篇综述中，我们概述了正在研究用于治疗 GBM 的更值得注意的癌症疫苗，以及可能增强 GBM 疫苗有效性的潜在未来方向。
迄今为止，尚无癌症疫苗被证明对 GBM 有效；然而，只有少数几种疫苗已经进入 III 期临床测试。临床免疫学监测数据表明，GBM 疫苗能够刺激针对 GBM 抗原的免疫反应，但这些反应是否对 GBM 具有明显的抗肿瘤作用仍不确定。尽管如此，早期临床试验中已经有一些有希望的结果，这为该研究领域提供了鼓励。因此，有必要进一步研究 GBM 疫苗。
