Abdualrasool Mosa, Al-Shanfari Saad, Booalayan Hussain, Boujarwa Abdulwahab, Al-Mukaimi Abdullah, Alkandery Omar, Akhtar Saeed
Dermatology. 2018;234(5-6):186-191. doi: 10.1159/000492054. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
This study aimed to (i) assess the prevalence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at homes, (ii) assess the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and (iii) evaluate the association between ETS exposure and atopic dermatitis status among adolescents.
During October 2015, a cross-sectional study design was implemented using a self-administered, modified version of the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) questionnaire among students enrolled in nine high schools of one of the six governorates of Kuwait. Prevalence of ETS exposure at home (1 or more smokers at home vs. none) and atopic dermatitis were computed. A multivariable log-binomial regression model was used to evaluate the adjusted association between ETS exposure and atopic dermatitis.
Of 800 invited students, 746 (93.3%) participated, of whom 74.8% were Kuwaiti and 50.1% were female with a mean (SD) age of 16.8 (0.68) years. Prevalence of ETS exposure at home was 54%. Prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 14.9%. A final multivariable log-binomial regression model showed that compared with the adolescents free from atopic dermatitis, adolescents with atopic dermatitis were significantly more likely to have had ETS exposure at home (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.03-2.14; p = 0.034) or tended to be female (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.42; 95% CI: 0.99-2.03; p = 0.054).
A high prevalence of ETS exposure at home among adolescents was recorded. ETS exposure and female gender were significantly associated with atopic dermatitis status. Intervention fostering voluntary adoption of a smoke-free home rule may help protect the adolescents against ETS exposure and alleviate the menace of associated morbidity.
本研究旨在（i）评估青少年在家中接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的 prevalence，（ii）评估特应性皮炎的 prevalence，以及（iii）评估青少年中 ETS 暴露与特应性皮炎状况之间的关联。
2015 年 10 月期间，采用横断面研究设计，在科威特六个省份之一的九个高中就读的学生中使用自行填写的改良版 ISAAC（儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究）问卷。计算在家中 ETS 暴露（家中有 1 名或更多吸烟者与无吸烟者）和特应性皮炎的 prevalence。使用多变量对数二项回归模型评估 ETS 暴露与特应性皮炎之间的调整关联。
在 800 名受邀学生中，746 名（93.3%）参与，其中 74.8%为科威特人，50.1%为女性，平均（标准差）年龄为 16.8（0.68）岁。在家中 ETS 暴露的 prevalence 为 54%。特应性皮炎的 prevalence 为 14.9%。最终的多变量对数二项回归模型显示，与无特应性皮炎的青少年相比，患有特应性皮炎的青少年在家中接触 ETS 的可能性显著更高（调整患病率比 = 1.49；95% CI：1.03 - 2.14；p = 0.034），或者倾向于为女性（调整患病率比 = 1.42；95% CI：0.99 - 2.03；p = 0.054）。
记录到青少年在家中 ETS 暴露的 prevalence 较高。ETS 暴露和女性性别与特应性皮炎状况显著相关。促进自愿采用无烟家庭规则的干预措施可能有助于保护青少年免受 ETS 暴露，并减轻相关发病的威胁。
