Balsara Karl, Jea Andrew, Raskin Jeffrey S
Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Suite #1134, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Suite #1134, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Hand Clin. 2018 Nov;34(4):547-554. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2018.06.012. Epub 2018 Aug 18.
Spasticity is a hypertonic segmental reflex pathway caused by a central nervous system injury. Spasticity of the upper extremity causes loss of function, joint contracture, pain, and poor cosmesis. Treatment aims to reduce or change the pathophysiology underlying the hyperactive reflex from dorsal sensory rootlets through the intrinsic machinery of the spinal cord to the neuromuscular junction. There are many treatments for upper extremity spasticity including oral medication, physiotherapy, intrathecal baclofen, and lesional or neuromodulatory surgical approaches. Goals of treatment must always be clearly defined, but neurosurgical management is most effective when paired with multidisciplinary therapies and caregiver participation.
痉挛是由中枢神经系统损伤引起的一种张力亢进的节段性反射通路。上肢痉挛会导致功能丧失、关节挛缩、疼痛和外观不佳。治疗旨在减少或改变从背侧感觉神经根通过脊髓固有机制到神经肌肉接头的过度活跃反射的病理生理学。上肢痉挛有多种治疗方法，包括口服药物、物理治疗、鞘内注射巴氯芬以及损伤性或神经调节性手术方法。治疗目标必须始终明确界定，但神经外科治疗与多学科治疗和护理人员参与相结合时最为有效。
